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Records with Keyword: Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Showing records 1 to 25 of 1040. [First] Page: 1 2 3 4 5 Last
Water-Energy-Environment Nexus Analysis Tools: Case Study for Canary Islands
David Borge-Diez, Francisco José García-Moya, Enrique Rosales-Asensio
February 10, 2024 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: analysis tool, greenhouse gases, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, sustainable development goals, Water-Energy-Environment nexus
Despite that previous research exists, there is a need for further research on the quantitative aspects of this Nexus. Existing Water-Energy-Environment Nexus management tools and frameworks are based on indicators aiming to model the whole system, analyze the involved resources, and test potential management strategies. The environmental, social, and economic consequences of actions already taken and ongoing projects require important focus because of the strong relationship between water and energy supply, and that both are key issues for society’s development and sustainability. The present research focuses on the indicators that the Water-Energy-Environment Nexus tools and frameworks use to analyze the whole problem. Existing tools often require large amounts of data, becoming a time-consuming process that lowers the capacity to evaluate the political problems of high pollutants. With the aim of accelerating time evaluation, this research builds an indicator to rapidly evaluate the... [more]
Integration of Renewable-Energy-Based Green Hydrogen into the Energy Future
Ismail Marouani, Tawfik Guesmi, Badr M. Alshammari, Khalid Alqunun, Ahmed Alzamil, Mansoor Alturki, Hsan Hadj Abdallah
January 12, 2024 (v1)
Keywords: efficiency improvement, electrolysis, green hydrogen production, leading countries in this field, net-zero gas emissions, optimization techniques, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, technologies used
There is a growing interest in green hydrogen, with researchers, institutions, and countries focusing on its development, efficiency improvement, and cost reduction. This paper explores the concept of green hydrogen and its production process using renewable energy sources in several leading countries, including Australia, the European Union, India, Canada, China, Russia, the United States, South Korea, South Africa, Japan, and other nations in North Africa. These regions possess significant potential for “green” hydrogen production, supporting the transition from fossil fuels to clean energy and promoting environmental sustainability through the electrolysis process, a common method of production. The paper also examines the benefits of green hydrogen as a future alternative to fossil fuels, highlighting its superior environmental properties with zero net greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, it explores the potential advantages of green hydrogen utilization across various industrial, c... [more]
Economic Dispatch of AC/DC Power System Considering Thermal Dynamics
Xiping Ma, Chen Liang, Xiaoyang Dong, Yaxin Li
November 30, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: AC/DC power system, district heating system, economic dispatch, partial differential equation, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Advance in renewable penetration has promoted the interaction between the AC and DC power system and multi-energy sources. However, the disparate nature of different energy utilization technologies presents strong challenges for the economic dispatch of such a complex system. This paper proposes a comprehensive characterization of the AC/DC power system considering multi-energy and renewable integration. Detailed models are elaborated for the AC/DC power grid, the district heating system (DHS), coupling units, and renewables to describe their inner interactions accurately. On this basis, an economic dispatch method is developed to minimize the operation cost and renewable’s abandonment. Simulations indicate that the interaction between the AC/DC power systems and multi-energy sources can enhance voltage levels and improve operational economy.
Assessing Sustainable Impacts of Green Energy Projects for the Development of Renewable Energy Technologies: A Triple Bottom Line Approach
Zhaoguang Liao
September 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: APEC, green energy projects, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, sustainable development, triple bottom
The escalating global concern for sustainable development necessitates an in-depth understanding of the role of renewable energy projects. Evaluating their impact on economic, environmental, and social sustainability is of significant importance. In this study, the impact of green energy projects on economic, environmental, and social sustainability across APEC countries from 2010 to 2021 is comprehensively assessed using machine learning models. The employed machine learning models revealed associations between key variables and sustainability implications of green energy projects. Renewable energy consumption emerged as a significant contributor to economic performance, scoring a compelling importance score of 0.34. Concurrently, fossil fuel energy consumption and urban population were identified as key influencers on environmental outcomes and social impacts, respectively, with importance scores of 0.36 and 0.42. The empirical evidence presented in this research underscores the pivo... [more]
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using Different Types of Catalysts
Ayse Hilal Ulukardesler
August 3, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: biodiesel, catalysts, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, transesterification, waste cooking oil
The global energy demand is increasing day by day. Fossil fuels such as crude oil, coal and gas are the main source of energy worldwide. However, fossil fuels, which cause acid rain, the greenhouse effect and other such environmental problems, will eventually be depleted, and renewable energy seems to be the most reasonable solution in this regard. Renewable biofuels have significant potential and can meet the world’s current energy demand. One of the important biofuels is biodiesel, and in the future it can replace petroleum. Waste cooking oil was used as a raw material in biodiesel production in order to reduce the production cost of the offered additive. In this study, the aim was to optimize the process parameters for biodiesel production within the acceptable limit values in the literature. Therefore, the molar ratio of methanol to waste cooking oil (9:1−15:1), catalyst concentration (1−5% by weight) and reaction time (60−120 min) were studied for two catalyst types, potassium hyd... [more]
Novel Copper Oxide Phyto-Nanocatalyst Utilized for the Synthesis of Sustainable Biodiesel from Citrullus colocynthis Seed Oil
Aqsa Aziz, Mushtaq Ahmad, Muhammad Zafar, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Mohamed S. Hodhod, Shazia Sultana, Mohammad Athar, Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir, Trobjon Makhkamov, Akramjon Yuldashev, Oybek Mamarakhimov, Maxsuda Nizomova, Salman Majeed, Bisha Chaudhay
July 13, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: biocatalyst, colocynth, green fuel, non-edible feedstock, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The green chemistry method for nanocatalyst synthesis along with environmentally feasible non-edible sources are promising alternatives to fossil fuels. The current study focuses on the synthesis of copper oxide phyto-nanocatalyst and the identification of a new renewable feedstock, Citrullus colocynthis, to reduce environmental pollution. The highest biodiesel yield (95%) was obtained under optimum conditions of a 1:8 oil-to-methanol ratio and reaction temperature of 85 °C for 120 min with a 0.365 wt% catalyst concentration. The phyto-nanocatalyst was synthesized using seed oil cake after extracting oil with the salt of copper (copper oxide). The catalyst was then subjected to various analyses, namely, EDX, FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The catalyst was proved to be efficient and effective after being reused five times and still there was a very small difference in biodiesel yield. All the analyses also show sustainable and stable results. Thus, copper oxide phyto-nanocatalyst with non-edible... [more]
Enhancing Power Generation Stability in Oscillating-Water-Column Wave Energy Converters through Deep-Learning-Based Time Delay Compensation
Chan Roh
July 7, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, deep learning algorithm, maximum power point tracking, optimal control, oscillating-water-column wave energy converter, output power performance, rated power control, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, time delay
Oscillating-water-column wave energy converters (OWC-WECs) are gaining attention for their high energy potential and environmental friendliness. However, their irregular input energy characteristics pose challenges to achieving stable power generation, particularly due to high peak power compared to average power. This study focuses on stable rating control to enable continuous power generation in the presence of irregular wave energy. It is difficult to precisely configure the existing rated power controllers due to physical time delays; this impacts system stability and utilization. To address this, we propose a rated power controller that compensates for system time delays using a deep learning algorithm. By predicting the valve control angle in advance and analyzing the input data for angle estimation, we successfully compensate for the physical time delay. The performance of the proposed rated power controller, incorporating the deep learning algorithm, is evaluated by analyzing t... [more]
Blockchain-Based Decentralized Power Dispatching Model for Power Grids Integrated with Renewable Energy and Flexible Load
Lei Xu, Dong Yu, Jinyu Zhou, Chaowu Jin
July 4, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: blockchain, decentralized power dispatching model, flexible load, improved consensus algorithm, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, smart contract
To cope with the energy crisis and environmental pollution, the future development of the power system has to change towards a clean, low-carbon, flexible, and diversified direction. This paper proposes a decentralized power dispatching model based on blockchain technology to address the problems of uncertainty, privacy, security, and reliability in power dispatching systems containing renewable energy and flexible loads. Considering the uncertainty of wind, photovoltaic, and flexible load integration into the power grid, the total generation costs of the system are established, and the smart contracts of the decentralized power dispatching are proposed. The proof of work (PoW) consensus mechanism is improved in this paper. The hash operation that must be repeated in the PoW algorithm is replaced by an optimized computation process using a blockchain-based genetic algorithm (BD-GA). The proof of work-load-genetic algorithm-based (PoW-GAD) consensus algorithm is proposed. The decentrali... [more]
Exploring Relationships among Crude Oil, Bitcoin, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Quantile Mediation Analysis
Tzu-Kuang Hsu, Wan-Chu Lien, Yao-Hsien Lee
June 9, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Brent crude (BRT), CO2 emissions, cryptocurrency, nonlinear inverted U-shaped curve, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Crude oil, Bitcoin, and carbon dioxide emissions are major issues that are significantly impacting the global economy and environment. These three issues are complexly interlinked, with profound economic and environmental implications. In this study, we explore the correlation among these three issues and attempt to understand the influence of crude oil and Bitcoin on carbon dioxide emissions. We created a novel approach, named quantile mediation analysis, which blends mediation regression with quantile regression, enabling us to explore the influence of Brent crude oil on carbon dioxide emissions by considering the mediating impact of Bitcoin. According to the findings from using our new approach, the impact of Brent crude oil on carbon dioxide emissions is partly mediated by Bitcoin, and the association between Brent crude oil and carbon dioxide emissions involves both direct and indirect effects. Since the carbon dioxide generated by the extraction of crude oil and Bitcoin has a gre... [more]
Fostering a Sustainable Energy Future to Combat Climate Change: EESG Impacts of Green Economy Transitions
Dicao Tang, Yasir Ahmed Solangi
June 9, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: climate change, Delphi method, fuzzy AHP, green economy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, sustainable development
The transition to a green economy for any country is crucial for the sustainability development of the economy, environment, society, and governance (EESG). A green economy is a sustainable approach to combating climate change and promoting sustainable development through the adoption of sustainable energy. This research utilizes the Delphi and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methodologies to assess and rank the EESG criteria and policy options for transitions to a green economy. The factors and policy choices are identified using the Delphi approach for further analysis. These factors and policy alternatives for switching to a green economy for sustainable development are determined using the fuzzy AHP technique. According to the fuzzy AHP approach, environmental, social, and economic factors are best suited for green economy transitions. The findings also show that the most crucial policy options for the switch to a green economy are research and development, carbon pricing,... [more]
Federated Learning and Blockchain-Enabled Intelligent Manufacturing for Sustainable Energy Production in Industry 4.0
Fanglei Sun, Zhifeng Diao
June 7, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: blockchain, federated learning, intelligent manufacturing, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Intelligent manufacturing under Industry 4.0 assimilates sophisticated technologies and artificial intelligence for sustainable production and outcomes. Blockchain paradigms are coined with Industry 4.0 for concurrent and well-monitored flawless production. This article introduces Sustainable Production concerned with External Demands (SP-ED). This method is more specific about energy production and the distribution for flawless and outage-less supply. First, the energy demand is identified for internal and external users based on which sustainability is planned. Secondly, Ethereum blockchain monitoring for a similar production and demand satisfaction is coupled with the production system. From two perspectives, the monitoring and condition satisfaction processes are validated using federated learning (FL). The perspectives include demand distribution and production sustainability. In the demand distribution, the condition of meeting the actual requirement is validated. Contrarily, the... [more]
Investigating the Power of LSTM-Based Models in Solar Energy Forecasting
Nur Liyana Mohd Jailani, Jeeva Kumaran Dhanasegaran, Gamal Alkawsi, Ammar Ahmed Alkahtani, Chen Chai Phing, Yahia Baashar, Luiz Fernando Capretz, Ali Q. Al-Shetwi, Sieh Kiong Tiong
June 7, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: deep learning, hybrid model, long short-term memory, photovoltaic power forecasting, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar irradiance forecasting
Solar is a significant renewable energy source. Solar energy can provide for the world’s energy needs while minimizing global warming from traditional sources. Forecasting the output of renewable energy has a considerable impact on decisions about the operation and management of power systems. It is crucial to accurately forecast the output of renewable energy sources in order to assure grid dependability and sustainability and to reduce the risk and expense of energy markets and systems. Recent advancements in long short-term memory (LSTM) have attracted researchers to the model, and its promising potential is reflected in the method’s richness and the growing number of papers about it. To facilitate further research and development in this area, this paper investigates LSTM models for forecasting solar energy by using time-series data. The paper is divided into two parts: (1) independent LSTM models and (2) hybrid models that incorporate LSTM as another type of technique. The Root me... [more]
Renewable Energy Potential and CO2 Performance of Main Biomasses Used in Brazil
Elem Patricia Rocha Alves, Orlando Salcedo-Puerto, Jesús Nuncira, Samuel Emebu, Clara Mendoza-Martinez
May 24, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Biofuels, Biomass, Carbon Dioxide, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, thermochemical conversion
This review investigates the effects of the Brazilian agriculture production and forestry sector on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Residual biomasses produced mainly in the agro-industrial and forestry sector as well as fast-growing plants were studied. Possibilities to minimize source-related emissions by sequestering part of carbon in soil and by producing biomass as a substitute for fossil fuel were extensively investigated. The lack of consistency among literature reports on residual biomass makes it difficult to compare CO2 emission reductions between studies and sectors. Data on chemical composition, heating value, proximate and ultimate analysis of the biomasses were collected. Then, the carbon sequestration potential of the biomasses as well as their usability in renewable energy practices were studied. Over 779.6 million tons of agricultural residues were generated in Brazil between 2021 and 2022. This implies a 12.1 million PJ energy potential, while 4.95 million tons of for... [more]
Possibilities and Limitations of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Animal Manure—A Critical Review
Anna Jasińska, Anna Grosser, Erik Meers
May 24, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: anaerobic digestion, animal manure, biogas, co-digestion, methane, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Anaerobic digestion is a well-known and long-used biological method for stabilizing organic materials. Among the benefits of this process in waste management are the reduction of greenhouse gases, the production of alternative energy, and the acquisition of valuable digestate that can be used in the form of biogas, thereby closing the cycle of elements in nature. For some materials, such as manure, which is heterogeneous in terms of morphology and chemical composition, digestion of a single substrate may not be very efficient. Therefore, more and more studies on the co-digestion process are appearing in the literature. This solution allows higher biogas production and the possibility of processing several wastes simultaneously. The prospect of the future effective application of anaerobic co-digestion depends on regulations, work regime, and access to raw materials. Therefore, there is a need to systematize the available knowledge and results, as well as to identify the possibilities a... [more]
The Role of Direct Air Capture in EU’s Decarbonisation and Associated Carbon Intensity for Synthetic Fuels Production
Rocio Gonzalez Sanchez, Anatoli Chatzipanagi, Georgia Kakoulaki, Marco Buffi, Sandor Szabo
May 24, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: carbon footprint, decarbonisation, direct air capture, Hydrogen, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Synthetic Fuels
Direct air capture (DAC) is considered one of the mitigation strategies in most of the future scenarios trying to limit global temperature to 1.5 °C. Given the high expectations placed on DAC for future decarbonisation, this study presents an extensive review of DAC technologies, exploring a number of techno-economic aspects, including an updated collection of the current and planned DAC projects around the world. A dedicated analysis focused on the production of synthetic methane, methanol, and diesel from DAC and electrolytic hydrogen in the European Union (EU) is also performed, where the carbon footprint is analysed for different scenarios and energy sources. The results show that the maximum grid carbon intensity to obtain negative emissions with DAC is estimated at 468 gCO2e/kWh, which is compliant with most of the EU countries’ current grid mix. Using only photovoltaics (PV) and wind, negative emissions of at least −0.81 tCO2e/tCO2 captured can be achieved. The maximum grid inte... [more]
The Development of Renewable Energy in Mineral Resource Clusters—The Case of the Siberian Federal District
Sergey Zhironkin, Fares Abu-Abed, Elena Dotsenko
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: energy transition, hydropower, mineral resource clusters, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Siberia, solar energy, wind energy
This article presents a study of the specific features and development factors of renewable energy in macro-regions that combine extractive and industrial clusters with rural, sparsely populated areas. While in some countries—leaders in energy transition (the EU, China)—the growth of investments in solar, wind, and hydropower production is taking place systematically within the framework of an increasing number of national and international strategies and programs, in the Russian Federation there is a lack of renewable generation capacity. Particular difficulties are experienced in regions that, on the one hand, have a developed fuel and raw material complex and, therefore, fuel generation (which makes a significant contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions), and, on the other hand, many rural, sparsely populated areas that are in need of new distributed generation. The aim of the study is to analyze the factors of transition to renewable energy in mineral-resource regions, such... [more]
Generation of Synthetic CPTs with Access to Limited Geotechnical Data for Offshore Sites
Gohar Shoukat, Guillaume Michel, Mark Coughlan, Abdollah Malekjafarian, Indrasenan Thusyanthan, Cian Desmond, Vikram Pakrashi
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: ANNs, CPT, geotechnics, Machine Learning, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The initial design phase for offshore wind farms does not require complete geotechnical mapping and individual cone penetration testing (CPT) for each expected turbine location. Instead, background information from open source studies and previous historic records for geology and seismic data are typically used at this early stage to develop a preliminary ground model. This study focuses specifically on the interpolation and extrapolation of cone penetration test (CPT) data. A detailed methodology is presented for the process of using a limited number of CPTs to characterise the geotechnical behavior of an offshore site using artificial neural networks. In the presented study, the optimised neural network achieved a predictive error of 0.067. Accuracy is greatest at depths of less than 10 m. The pitfalls of using machine learning for geospatial interpolation are explained and discussed.
The Differential Effects of Oil Prices on the Development of Renewable Energy in Oil-Importing and Oil-Exporting Countries in Africa
Ishaya Jonah Tegina Tambari, Pierre Failler, Shabbar Jaffry
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: oil prices, oil-importing and exporting countries, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The shift to renewable sources of energy has become a critical economic priority in African countries due to energy challenges. However, investors in the development of renewable energy face problems with decision making due to the existence of multiple criteria, such as oil prices and the associated macroeconomic performance. This study aims to analyze the differential effects of international oil prices and other macroeconomic factors on the development of renewable energy in both oil-importing and oil-exporting countries in Africa. The study uses a panel vector error correction model (P-VECM) to analyze data from five net oil exporters (Algeria, Angola, Egypt, Libya and Nigeria) and five net oil importers (Kenya, Ethiopia, Congo, Mozambique and South Africa). The study finds that higher oil prices positively affect the development of renewable energy in oil-importing countries by making renewable energy more economically competitive. Economic growth is also identified as a major dri... [more]
Systematic Literature Review on Fuzzy Hybrid Methods in Photovoltaic Solar Energy: Opportunities, Challenges, and Guidance for Implementation
Nebiyu Kedir, Phuong H. D. Nguyen, Citlaly Pérez, Pedro Ponce, Aminah Robinson Fayek
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: fuzzy decision-making, fuzzy hybrid methods, fuzzy machine learning, fuzzy simulation, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar energy
The application of fuzzy hybrid methods has significantly increased in recent years across various sectors. However, the application of fuzzy hybrid methods for modeling systems or processes, such as fuzzy machine learning, fuzzy simulation, and fuzzy decision-making, has been relatively limited in the energy sector. Moreover, compared to standard methods, the benefits of fuzzy-hybrid methods for capturing complex problems are not adequately explored for the solar energy sector, which is one of the most important renewable energy sources in electric grids. This paper investigates the application of fuzzy hybrid systems in the solar energy sector compared to other sectors through a systematic review of journal articles published from 2012 to 2022. Selection criteria for choosing an appropriate method in each investigated fuzzy hybrid method are also presented and discussed. This study contributes to the existing literature in the solar energy domain by providing a state-of-the-art revie... [more]
Energy Performance and Control Strategy for Dynamic Façade with Perovskite PV Panels—Technical Analysis and Case Study
Andrzej Ożadowicz, Gabriela Walczyk
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: adaptive façade, building integrated photovoltaic module, dynamic façade, Energy Efficiency, microgrid, perovskite photovoltaic panel, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Effective implementation of renewable energy sources (RES) is one of the main challenges in regard to the organization of local energy microgrids with buildings. One of the solutions is the use of dynamic building façades with photovoltaic (PV) panels, in particular the innovative perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This paper describes a case study performed on a pilot installation of perovskite PV panels located in Poland, Central-Eastern Europe. Results of preliminary measurements on this installation are provided in terms of verifying its energy efficiency and the possibility of selecting settings for the façade dynamics control system. Our experiments have considered the sun-tracking mechanism and its energy consumption as well as the impact of weather conditions at different times of the year. The energy efficiency results for the PV system, with average levels below 10%, are rather low. Therefore, even small energy savings in the operation of the PV system itself are significant. Cha... [more]
Virtual Power Plant with Renewable Energy Sources and Energy Storage Systems for Sustainable Power Grid-Formation, Control Techniques and Demand Response
Jiaqi Liu, Hongji Hu, Samson S. Yu, Hieu Trinh
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: demand-side frequency ancillary services, energy management systems, energy storage systems, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, sustainable power grids, virtual power plants
As the climate crisis worsens, power grids are gradually transforming into a more sustainable state through renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems (ESSs), and smart loads. Virtual power plants (VPP) are an emerging concept that can flexibly integrate distributed energy resources (DERs), managing manage the power output of each DER unit, as well as the power consumption of loads, to balance electricity supply and demand in real time. VPPs can participate in energy markets, enable self-scheduling of RESs, facilitate energy trading and sharing, and provide demand-side frequency control ancillary services (D-FCAS) to enhance the stability of the system frequency. As a result, studies considering VPPs have become the focus of recent energy research, with the purpose of reducing the uncertainty resulting from RESs distributed in the power grid and improving technology related to energy management system (EMS). However, comprehensive reviews of VPPs considering their formatio... [more]
A Theoretical Framework for a Local Energy Innovation System Based on the Renewable Energy Case of Poland
Patrycjusz Zarębski, Dominik Katarzyński
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: energy policy, innovation, local energy system, local innovation system, regional innovation system, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The aim of this research is to create a theoretical framework for a local energy innovation system based on renewable energy sources. For this purpose, four types of clusters were outlined based on energy-generation capacity and socio-economic factors such as “local wealth”, “relational capital”, “scientific and research capital” and “energy demand”. This classification revealed areas of Poland that have diverse features in terms of energy-generation capacity and innovation abilities. For each type of area, energy potentials combined with innovation abilities were established. To understand how areas with insufficient energy and innovation capacities could be supported in their development of local energy sovereignty, the concept of the regional innovation system has been adjusted. The results of the research can serve as an aid in the development of national and regional energy policies focused on the specificity and capacity of energy generation and innovation of each area.
The Evaluation of Torrefaction Efficiency for Lignocellulosic Materials Combined with Mixed Solid Wastes
Maja Ivanovski, Darko Goričanec, Danijela Urbancl
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Materials
Keywords: fuel ratio, greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), Renewable and Sustainable Energy, torrefaction, waste biomass
The paper presents the results of research aimed at evaluating the possibility of using selected biomass wastes to produce solid biofuels. In this work, the thermochemical properties of two lignocellulosic biomasses, namely, miscantshus (Miscanthus × Giganteus) and hops (Humulus lupulus), and non-lignocellulosic biomass, namely, municipal solid waste, and their mixtures (micanthus + municipal solid waste and hops + municipal solid waste) were studied using the torrefaction process as the main method for investigation. The effects of various torrefaction temperatures (250, 300, and 350 °C) and times (30 and 60 min) were evaluated. Proximate and ultimate analyses were performed on the torrefied samples. The following can be stated: as the torrefaction temperature and time increased, mass and energy yields decreased while the higher heating values (HHVs) and fuel ratios (FRs) increased, together with carbon contents (C). In addition, energy on return investment (EROI) was studied; the max... [more]
Optimal Configuration of a Hybrid Photovoltaic/Wind Turbine/Biomass/Hydro-Pumped Storage-Based Energy System Using a Heap-Based Optimization Algorithm
Ahmed S. Menesy, Hamdy M. Sultan, Ibrahim O. Habiballah, Hasan Masrur, Kaisar R. Khan, Muhammad Khalid
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: biomass system, cost of energy, hybrid system, Optimization, pumped storage, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Recently, renewable energy resources (RESs) have been utilized to supply electricity to remote areas, instead of the conventional methods of electrical energy production. In this paper, the optimal design of a standalone hybrid RES comprising photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), and biomass sources as well as an energy storage system, such as a hydro-pumped storage system, is studied. The problem of the optimal sizing of the generating units in the proposed energy system is formulated as an optimization problem and the algorithms heap-based optimizer (HBO), grey wolf optimizer (GWO), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are applied to achieve the optimal sizing of each component of the proposed grid-independent hybrid system. The optimization problem is formulated depending on the real-time meteorological data of the Ataka region on the Red Sea in Egypt. The main goal of the optimization process is to minimize the cost of energy (COE) and the loss of power supply probability (LPSP),... [more]
A Study of a Generalized Photovoltaic System with MPPT Using Perturb and Observer Algorithms under Varying Conditions
Zulfiqar Ali, Syed Zagam Abbas, Anzar Mahmood, Syed Wajahat Ali, Syed Bilal Javed, Chun-Lien Su
May 23, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: boost converter, MPPT, perturb and observe (P&O), photovoltaic module, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, space vector pulse width modulation
In recent years, renewable energy (RE) has shown promise as a sustainable solution to the rising energy demand worldwide. Photovoltaic (PV) technology has emerged as a highly viable RE alternative. The majority of PV schemes use specific PV models with specified parameters. This study proposes a PV model with generic specifications, a PV array, a DC/DC converter, a DC/AC inverter, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and grid synchronization using a feedback control system under the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Various MPPT techniques have been adapted to track the PV’s maximum power point (MPP); however, there are various uncertainties. To address these challenges, this paper presented a perturb and observe (P&O) strategy to track the MPP of PV systems reliably. The MPP of a PV system varies according to meteorological order, such as solar radiation and cell temperature. The MPPT primarily gathers the maximum current and voltage of the PV array and provides them to the load using a bo... [more]
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