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Records with Keyword: Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Showing records 1 to 25 of 714. [First] Page: 1 2 3 4 5 Last
Emerging Photovoltaic (PV) Materials for a Low Carbon Economy
Ilke Celik, Ramez Hosseinian Ahangharnejhad, Zhaoning Song, Michael Heben, Defne Apul
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Materials
Keywords: carbon energy, emerging photovoltaic (PV) materials, fossil fuels, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar PV
Emerging photovoltaic (PV) technologies have a potential to address the shortcomings of today’s energy market which heavily depends on the use of fossil fuels for electricity generation. We created inventories that offer insights into the environmental impacts and cost of all the materials used in emerging PV technologies, including perovskites, polymers, Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and quantum dots. The results show that the CO2 emissions associated with the absorber layers are much less than the CO2 emissions associated with the contact and charge selective layers. The CdS (charge selective layer) and ITO (contact layer) have the highest environmental impacts compared to Al2O3, CuI, CuSCN, MoO3, NiO, poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl (P3HT)), phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), poly polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), SnO2, spiro-OMeTAD, and TiO2 (charge selective layers) and Al, Ag, Cu, FTO, Mo, ZnO:In, and ZnO/ZnO:Al (contact layers). The cost assessments show t... [more]
Development and Performance Investigation of an Inflatable Solar Drying Technology for Oyster Mushroom
Nguyen Van Hung, Lei Anne Fuertes, Carlito Balingbing, Ampy Paulo Roxas, Marvin Tala, Martin Gummert
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: drying, food, mushroom, postharvest, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, rice straw
We developed an inflatable solar dryer for mushroom drying, which was adapted from the Solar Bubble DryerTM originally designed for paddy drying. The improved dryer with an added perforated elevated floor ensured the quality without any requirement of mixing or turning of the mushrooms during drying. Its drying performance and economic feasibility were evaluated through determination of the drying parameters including moisture content (MC) reduction, mushroom quality, energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions, and cost-benefits ratio. Mushroom MC was reduced from 90% down to 40−60% within 2−4 h, corresponding to the drying rate at this stage of 10−20% h−1. At the next stage, it took about 4−6 h corresponding to a drying rate of 2−10% h−1 to reach the required product MC of 8−10%. The color of the dried mushrooms still remained white-cream. The drying process required 4.57 MJ, emitted 0.33 kg CO2e, and required an input cost of 1.86 $US kg of dry product. For the specific case in the... [more]
Optimal Site Selection for a Solar Power Plant in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam
Chia-Nan Wang, Van Tran Hoang Viet, Thanh Phong Ho, Van Thanh Nguyen, Syed Tam Husain
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP), Fuzzy Theory, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar power plant
Following the recent development trend in the struggle for cleaning the earth’s environment, solar is the one of most promising area that can partially be used as a replaceable energy from non-renewable fuel sources. As such, it plays a significant role in protecting the environment from global warming. As solar power does not emit harmful gases into the atmosphere, its production, distribution, setup, and operation are vital should the production remain constant. Even solar energy waste emissions are small; when compared to current energy sources, the amount of harmful gases is negligible. This paper presented an integrated approach for site of solar plants by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP). Furthermore, these integrated methodologies, incorporated with the most relevant parameters of requirements for solar plants, are introduced. First, the paper considers an integrated hierarchical DEA and FANP model for the optimal geographical loc... [more]
Development and Validation of Air-to-Water Heat Pump Model for Greenhouse Heating
Adnan Rasheed, Wook Ho Na, Jong Won Lee, Hyeon Tae Kim, Hyun Woo Lee
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: energy-saving screen, greenhouse energy modeling, greenhouse microclimate control, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
This study proposes a building energy simulation (BES) model of an air-to-water heat pump (AWHP) system integrated with a multi-span greenhouse using the TRNSYS-18 program. The proposed BES model was validated using an experimental AWHP and a multi-span greenhouse installed in Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea (latitude 35.53° N, longitude 128.36° E, elevation 48 m). Three AWHPs and a water storage tank were used to fulfill the heat energy requirement of the three-span greenhouse with 391.6 m2 of floor area. The model was validated by comparing the following experimental and simulated results, namely, the internal greenhouse temperature, the heating load of the greenhouse, heat supply from the water storage tank to the greenhouse, heat pumps’ output water temperature, power used by the heat pumps, coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump, and water storage tank temperature. The BES model’s performance was evaluated by calculating the root mean square error (RMS... [more]
Decentralized Prosumer-Centric P2P Electricity Market Coordination with Grid Security
Duarte Kazacos Winter, Rahul Khatri, Michael Schmidt
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: consensus + innovations, distributed energy resources, economic dispatch, electricity market, peer-to-peer, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The increasing number of prosumers and the accompanying greater use of decentralised energy resources (DERs) bring new opportunities and challenges for the traditional electricity systems and the electricity markets. Microgrids, virtual power plants (VPPs), peer-to-peer (P2P) trading and federated power plants (FPPs) propose different schemes for prosumer coordination and have the potential of becoming the new paradigm of electricity market and power system operation. This paper proposes a P2P trading scheme for energy communities that negotiates power flows between participating prosumers with insufficient renewable power supply and prosumers with surplus supply in such a way that the community welfare is maximized while avoiding critical grid conditions. For this purpose, the proposed scheme is based on an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem with a Multi-Bilateral Economic Dispatch (MBED) formulation as an objective function. The solution is realized in a fully decentralized manner on t... [more]
The Use of Renewable Energy Sources in a Road Lane on the Example of the Network of National Roads and Highways in Poland
Janusz Bohatkiewicz, Marcin Dębiński, Mateusz Marciniuk, Aleksandra Cybulska
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Biomass, highway, photovoltaic cells, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, renewable energy source, road, water energy, wind energy
The deteriorating condition of the environment and the increasing emission of pollutants into the atmosphere intensify the greenhouse effect. Energy production in power plants results in emissions that affect the increase of global temperatures. According to the Research Institute for Global Climate Change in Berlin there are just over 7 years to cross the critical point, which will start chain reactions associated with irreversible changes in the climate. In order to reduce the climate changes, exhaust emissions must be reduced. One of the steps is to reduce electricity consumption. In the case of roads, electricity is most related to the technical infrastructure. First steps has been taken to reduce the demand for electricity by using lighting systems equipped in the energy saving solutions. The next step should be to use renewable energy sources. There are many solutions to generate electricity that can be used directly on roads or nearby. There are many sides in the area of the roa... [more]
A Free-Market Environmentalist Transition toward Renewable Energy: The Cases of Germany, Denmark, and the United Kingdom
William Hongsong Wang, Vicente Moreno-Casas, Jesús Huerta de Soto
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: decision-making, Denmark, electricity prices, energy production, energy transition, entrepreneurship, EU Green Deal, European Union, free-market environmentalism, Germany, industrial access restriction, political economy, public policy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, state subsidies, taxation, United Kingdom
Renewable energy (RE) is one of the most popular public policy orientations worldwide. Compared to some other countries and continents, Europe has gained an early awareness of energy and environmental problems in general. At the theoretical level, free-market environmentalism indicates that based on the principle of private property rights, with fewer state interventionist and regulation policies, entrepreneurs, as the driving force of the market economy, can provide better services to meet the necessity of offering RE to protect the environment more effectively. Previous studies have revealed that Germany, Denmark, and the United Kingdom have made some progress in using the market to develop RE. However, this research did not analyze the three countries’ RE conditions from the perspective of free-market environmentalism. Based on our review of the principles of free-market environmentalism, this paper originally provides an empirical study of how Germany, Denmark, and the United Kingd... [more]
Optimal Allocation and Operation of Droop-Controlled Islanded Microgrids: A Review
Maen Z. Kreishan, Ahmed F. Zobaa
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, droop control, generation and load uncertainties, islanded microgrid, multi-objective optimization, optimal allocation and operation, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
This review paper provides a critical interpretation and analysis of almost 150 dedicated optimization research papers in the field of droop-controlled islanded microgrids. The significance of optimal microgrid allocation and operation studies comes from their importance for further deployment of renewable energy, reliable and stable autonomous operation on a larger scale, and the electrification of rural and isolated communities. Additionally, a comprehensive overview of islanded microgrids in terms of structure, type, and hierarchical control strategy was presented. Furthermore, a larger emphasis was given to the main optimization problems faced by droop-controlled islanded microgrids such as allocation, scheduling and dispatch, reconfiguration, control, and energy management systems. The main outcome of this review in relation to optimization problem components is the classification of objective functions, constraints, and decision variables into 10, 9 and 6 distinctive categories,... [more]
Integrated Optimal Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Smart Wind Turbine Using Genetic Algorithm
Henda Zorgani Agrebi, Naourez Benhadj, Mohamed Chaieb, Farooq Sher, Roua Amami, Rafik Neji, Neil Mansfield
March 29, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator, finite element analysis, optimization and genetic algorithm, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, small wind turbine, wind energy
In recent years, the investment in the wind energy sector has increased in the context of producing green electricity and saving the environment. The installation of small wind turbines (SWTs) represents an actual strategy for meeting energy needs for off-grid systems and certain specialized applications. SWTs are more expensive per kilowatt installed as compared to large-scale wind turbines. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to produce an economical technology for the wind power market offering low-cost SWTs. The idea consists of considering a simple structure of the wind turbine using direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (DDPMSG). DDPMSGs are the most useful machines in the wind energy field thanks to several advantages, such as elimination of noise and maintenance cost due to suppression of the gearbox and absence of the rotor circuit excitation barriers by the presence of the permanent magnets (PMs). Their major downside is the high cost of active materi... [more]
Renewable Energy, Economic Growth and Economic Development Nexus: A Bibliometric Analysis
Henrique Oliveira, Víctor Moutinho
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: bibliometric analysis, development economics, economic growth, Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The present research aims to conduct a systemic review on Renewable Energy, Economic Growth and Economic Development and look for links between the papers published between 2008 and May 2021. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, it was possible to reach a sample of 111 articles selected by Web of Science and a sample of 199 academic articles selected by Scopus in that specific period. The analysis of the group of Renewable and Non-renewable Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Economic Development shows that most of the articles published in this subsample use the quantitative methodology in economic sciences. The results indicate that research on the subject has a growing trend and that most of the articles are post-2015 publications. In addition, China has been the leading nation in published works. The journal Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is considered the most relevant in this category, and Sustainability... [more]
Comparative Performance of Multi-Period ACOPF and Multi-Period DCOPF under High Integration of Wind Power
Diego Larrahondo, Ricardo Moreno, Harold R. Chamorro, Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: ACOPF, DCOPF, optimal power flow, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, wind power
Today, the power system operation represents a challenge given the security and reliability requirements. Mathematical models are used to represent and solve operational and planning issues related with electric systems. Specifically, the AC optimal power flow (ACOPF) and the DC optimal power flow (DCOPF) are tools used for operational and planning purposes. The DCOPF versions correspond to lineal versions of the ACOPF. This is due to the fact that the power flow solution is often hard to obtain with the ACOPF considering all constraints. However, the simplifications use only active power without considering reactive power, voltage values and losses on transmission lines, which are crucial factors for power system operation, potentially leading to inaccurate results. This paper develops a detailed formulation for both DCOPF and ACOPF with multiple generation sources to provide a 24-h dispatching in order to compare the differences between the solutions with different scenarios under hi... [more]
Improving Public Attitude towards Renewable Energy
Hugo Lucas, Ruth Carbajo, Tomoo Machiba, Evgeny Zhukov, Luisa F. Cabeza
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: awareness, interviews, misconceptions, public attitude, public concerns, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
In recent years, the urgent necessity and tremendous opportunity to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon competitive economy has resulted in growth of long-term targets for renewable energy and energy efficiency, which are coming from policy bodies worldwide. The inherent distributed nature of renewable energies, together with the modularity of those technologies, brings opportunities for consumer empowerment in terms of participation. Nevertheless, there is still the need for increasing global awareness and enabling policies, to strengthen the citizen role in the energy system, facilitating their proactive participation as renewable energy purchasers, investors, and clean energy producers. Drawing from research interviews and the academic literature, this article conceptualizes the understanding of the need for improving public attitudes and explores the factors influencing the acceptance in terms of misconceptions, best communication practices, activities addressing public conce... [more]
A Theoretical Study on Reversible Solid Oxide Cells as Key Enablers of Cyclic Conversion between Electrical Energy and Fuel
Saheli Biswas, Shambhu Singh Rathore, Aniruddha Pramod Kulkarni, Sarbjit Giddey, Sankar Bhattacharya
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: power-to-X, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, reversible solid oxide cell, round-trip energy efficiency
Reversible solid oxide cells (rSOC) enable the efficient cyclic conversion between electrical and chemical energy in the form of fuels and chemicals, thereby providing a pathway for long-term and high-capacity energy storage. Amongst the different fuels under investigation, hydrogen, methane, and ammonia have gained immense attention as carbon-neutral energy vectors. Here we have compared the energy efficiency and the energy demand of rSOC based on these three fuels. In the fuel cell mode of operation (energy generation), two different routes have been considered for both methane and ammonia; Routes 1 and 2 involve internal reforming (in the case of methane) or cracking (in the case of ammonia) and external reforming or cracking, respectively. The use of hydrogen as fuel provides the highest round-trip efficiency (62.1%) followed by methane by Route 1 (43.4%), ammonia by Route 2 (41.1%), methane by Route 2 (40.4%), and ammonia by Route 1 (39.2%). The lower efficiency of internal ammoni... [more]
Through the Eye of a Needle: An Eco-Heterodox Perspective on the Renewable Energy Transition
Megan K. Seibert, William E. Rees
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: biocapacity, ecological limits, energy transition, overshoot, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, social justice
We add to the emerging body of literature highlighting cracks in the foundation of the mainstream energy transition narrative. We offer a tripartite analysis that re-characterizes the climate crisis within its broader context of ecological overshoot, highlights numerous collectively fatal problems with so-called renewable energy technologies, and suggests alternative solutions that entail a contraction of the human enterprise. This analysis makes clear that the pat notion of “affordable clean energy” views the world through a narrow keyhole that is blind to innumerable economic, ecological, and social costs. These undesirable “externalities” can no longer be ignored. To achieve sustainability and salvage civilization, society must embark on a planned, cooperative descent from an extreme state of overshoot in just a decade or two. While it might be easier for the proverbial camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for global society to succeed in this endeavor, history is replete... [more]
Nexus between Financial Development, Renewable Energy Consumption, Technological Innovations and CO2 Emissions: The Case of India
Muhammad Qayyum, Minhaj Ali, Mir Muhammad Nizamani, Shijie Li, Yuyuan Yu, Atif Jahanger
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: ARDL, CO2 emissions, financial development, India, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, technological innovations
Concerns regarding environmental sustainability have generally been an important element in achieving long-term development objectives. However, developing countries struggle to deal with these concerns, which all require specific treatment. As a result, this study explores the interaction between financial development, renewable energy consumption, technological innovations, and CO2 emissions in India from 1980 to 2019, taking into account the critical role of economic progress and urbanization. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is used to quantify long-run dynamics, while the Vector Error Correction Model is used to identify causal direction (VECM). According to the study’s conclusions, financial development has a considerable positive impact on CO2 emissions. The coefficient of renewable energy consumption and technical innovations, on the other hand, is strongly negative in both the short and long run, indicating that increasing these measures will reduce CO2 emission... [more]
A Scoping Review of Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Svitlana Kolosok, Yuriy Bilan, Tetiana Vasylieva, Adam Wojciechowski, Michał Morawski
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: clean energy innovation, environmental sustainability, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The article aims to identify the latest trends in research on renewable energy, sustainability and the environment. A total of 92,873 publications from 123 Scopus sources for 2020−2021 are compared using the scoping review method. The results show that the most cited works in this sample are those by authors from the Asian region. The research of these authors focuses on the security, efficiency and reliability of separate elements in energy systems. Besides, the paper considers the problems regarding COVID disease along with the renewable energy sources, perovskite and organic solar panels, nanostructured materials and high energy density. Finally, the paper analyses applications of computer science methods in research on renewable energy, sustainability and the environment. The findings evidently show that recent advancements in computer science methods were not extensively used in the discussed research domain and give a great room for novel strategies of prognosing, simulation and... [more]
Examining the Role of Disruptive Innovation in Renewable Energy Businesses from a Cross National Perspective
Hokey Min, Yohannes Haile
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: cross cultural study, disruptive innovation, moderated mediation analysis, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, structural equation model
With a growing demand for safe, clean, and affordable energy, countries across the world are now seeking to create and rapidly develop renewable energy (RE) businesses. The success of these businesses often hinges on their ability to translate RE into sustainable value for energy consumers and the multiple stakeholders in the energy industry. Such value includes low production costs due to an abundance of natural resources (e.g., wind, water, sunlight), and public health benefits from reduced environmental pollution. Despite the potential for value creation, many RE businesses have struggled to create affordable energy as abundant as that which is produced by traditional fossil fuels. The rationale being that traditional RE sources emanating from natural resources tend to rely on unpredictable weather conditions. Therefore, to help RE businesses deliver sustainable value, we should leverage disruptive innovation that is less dependent on natural resources. This paper is one of the firs... [more]
Medium- and High-Tech Export and Renewable Energy Consumption: Non-Linear Evidence from the ASEAN Countries
Cong Khai Dinh, Quang Thanh Ngo, Trung Thanh Nguyen
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: ASEAN, economic growth, employment, inflation, medium- and high-tech export, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Sustaining economic growth while reducing dependence on fossil fuels remains a challenge for our world to fight against climate change and therefore finding a way to promote economic growth and increase renewable energy use is needed. This paper uses a 22-year panel dataset (1994−2015) of 9 countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations provided by the World Bank World Development Indicators to examine the impact of medium- and high-tech export on renewable energy use. We employ a fixed-effects regression model with the Driscoll−Kraay nonparametric covariance matrix estimator to account for sectoral and temporal dependence. We also control for inflation, employment, population growth, and gross domestic product per capita in our estimations. Our results demonstrate a U-shaped association between medium- and high-tech export and renewable energy consumption of these economies. The results propose that enhancing medium- and high-tech export could be a feasible solution for promo... [more]
Neural Network-Based Control for Hybrid PV and Ternary Pumped-Storage Hydro Plants
Soumyadeep Nag, Kwang Y. Lee
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: hybrid power, hydropower, neural networks, photovoltaic, pumped-storage hydro, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar
The growth in renewable energy integration over the past few years, primarily fueled by the drop in capital cost, has revealed the requirement for more sustainable methods of integration. This paper presents a collocated hybrid plant consisting of solar photovoltaic (PV) and Ternary pumped-storage hydro (TPSH) and designs controls that integrate the PV plant such that the behavior and the controllability of the hybrid plant are similar to those of a conventional plant within operational constraints. The PV array control and hybrid plant control implement a neural−network-based framework to coordinate the response, de-loading, and curtailment of multiple arrays with the response of the TPSH. With the help of the designed controls, a symbiotic relationship is developed between the two energy resources, where the PV compensates for the TPSH nonlinearities and provides required speed of response, while the TPSH firms the PV system and allows the PV to be integrated using its existing infra... [more]
Measures for Assessing the Effectiveness of Investments for Electricity and Heat Generation from the Hybrid Cooperation of a Photovoltaic Installation with a Heat Pump on the Example of a Household
Mariusz Niekurzak, Wojciech Lewicki, Wojciech Drożdż, Paweł Miązek
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: economic viability, heat pumps, photovoltaics, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, renewable hybrid energy sources
In recent years, one of the key postulates in the European Union’s policy has become the development of renewable energy sources. In order to achieve the desired synergy effect, the idea of combining two selected sources of energy appeared. This article presents a technical and economic analysis of a hybrid connection of a ground source heat pump with a photovoltaic installation. Taking into account the heat demand of the building, a ground heat pump with a catalog nominal heating power of 25 kW was selected. This article presents the problem of the economic profitability of using a hybrid combination of a heat pump and photovoltaic panels in domestic hot water and central heating systems. The justification for the use of such heat sources in these installations is due to global trends and the gradual departure from conventional energy sources such as oil or gas boilers. This paper presents the economic and ecological results of using the pump heat connected together with photovoltaic... [more]
Contributions of Solar Photovoltaic Systems to Environmental and Socioeconomic Aspects of National Development—A Review
Oliver O. Apeh, Edson L. Meyer, Ochuko K. Overen
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: efficiency, environment, Fossil Fuel, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar photovoltaic system
Presently, the world is undergoing exciting haste to install photovoltaic (PV) systems in industry, residential/commercial buildings, transportation, deserts, street lights, and many other applications. Solar photovoltaic energy systems are clean and reliable energy sources that are unlimited, unlike their fossil fuel counterparts. The energy market is rapidly growing globally with newly and cumulative installed capacities of about 37.6 GW and 139.6 GW, accounting for 53% and 55%, respectively, in 2017, making it one of the fastest-growing industries. The cumulative photovoltaic installations are projected to have reached 600 GW worldwide and are projected to reach 4500 GW by 2050 because of the strategies and policies of many countries. In 2021, more than three-quarters of the developed countries are now home to one solar installation. This article evaluates a critical and extensive review of the contributions of solar photovoltaic systems to national development. The approach follows... [more]
Research on Energy Structure Optimization and Carbon Emission Reduction Path in Beijing under the Dual Carbon Target
Yu Hu, Yuanying Chi, Wenbing Zhou, Zhengzao Wang, Yongke Yuan, Ruoyang Li
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: carbon emission reduction, dual carbon target, path optimization, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
In the context of China’s dual carbon target, Beijing, as the capital of China, should play an exemplary role in carbon emission reduction. On the premise of optimizing high-emission sectors such as coal and industry, Beijing is still a certain distance from the goal of carbon neutrality. Therefore, on the basis of Beijing’s energy resource endowment, considering Beijing’s economic development and carbon neutrality goals and scientifically and reasonably planning Beijing’s carbon emission reduction path are important tasks. We construct an energy structure optimization model to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality by 2050. The model analysis concludes that the residents and transportation sectors will account for a large proportion of Beijing’s total carbon emissions in the future. To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, the electricity substitution of fossil energy and the high proportion of external power are two necessary measures, and the optimal path of carbon emission reductio... [more]
Funding of the Energy Transition by Monetary Sovereign Countries
Mark Diesendorf, Steven Hail
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: energy consumption, energy descent, energy transition, modern monetary theory, monetary sovereignty, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, steady-state economy
If global energy consumption returns to its pre-pandemic growth rate, it will be almost impossible to transition to a zero-emission or net-zero-emission energy system by 2050 in the absence of large-scale CO2 removal. Since relying on unproven technologies for CO2 removal is speculative and risky, this paper considers an energy descent scenario for reaching zero greenhouse gas emissions from energy by 2050. To drive the rapid transition from fossil fuels to carbon-free energy sources and ensure demand reduction, funding is needed urgently in order to implement four strategies: (i) technology change, i.e., implementing the growth of zero-carbon energy production, end-use energy efficiency and ‘green’ energy carriers, together with ongoing R&D on CO2 removal; (ii) reducing climate impacts; (iii) reducing energy consumption by social and behavioural changes; and (iv) improving human wellbeing while increasing social justice. Modern monetary theory explains how monetary sovereign governmen... [more]
Advances in Energy Hybridization for Resilient Supply: A Sustainable Approach to the Growing World Demand
Haider Al-Rubaye, Joseph D. Smith, Mohammed H. S. Zangana, Prashant Nagapurkar, Yishu Zhou, Greg Gelles
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: hybrid energy system, Life Cycle Analysis, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, resilience
Energy poverty, defined as a lack of access to reliable electricity and reliance on traditional biomass resources for cooking, affects over a billion people daily. The World Health Organization estimates that household air pollution from inefficient stoves causes more premature deaths than malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS. Increasing demand for energy has led to dramatic increases in emissions. The need for reliable electricity and limiting emissions drives research on Resilient Hybrid Energy Systems (RHESs), which provide cleaner energy through combining wind, solar, and biomass energy with traditional fossil energy, increasing production efficiency and reliability and reducing generating costs and emissions. Microgrids have been shown as an efficient means of implementing RHESs, with some focused mainly on reducing the environmental impact of electric power generation. The technical challenges of designing, implementing, and applying microgrids involve conducting a cradle-to-grave... [more]
Integrated Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Power and Heat Supply for a Neighborhood: A Case Study of Herne, Germany
Gemina Quest, Rosalie Arendt, Christian Klemm, Vanessa Bach, Janik Budde, Peter Vennemann, Matthias Finkbeiner
March 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: energy system model, ESM, ILCA, LCA, life cycle assessment, monetary evaluation, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, SESMG, urban energy system, urban scale
(1) The use of renewable energy for power and heat supply is one of the strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. As only 14% of German households are supplied with renewable energy, a shift is necessary. This shift should be realized with the lowest possible environmental impact. This paper assesses the environmental impacts of changes in energy generation and distribution, by integrating the life cycle assessment (LCA) method into energy system models (ESM). (2) The integrated LCA is applied to a case study of the German neighborhood of Herne, (i) to optimize the energy supply, considering different technologies, and (ii) to determine the environmental impacts of the base case (status quo), a cost-optimized scenario, and a CO2-optimized scenario. (3) The use of gas boilers in the base case is substituted with CHPs, surface water heat pumps and PV-systems in the CO2-optimized scenario, and five ground-coupled heat pumps and PV-systems for the cost-optimized scenario. This technol... [more]
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