Browse
Records Added in April 2020
Records added in April 2020
Change year: 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024
Change month: January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December
Showing records 1 to 25 of 86. [First] Page: 1 2 3 4 Last
Dominance Conditions for Optimal Order-Lot Matching in the Make-To-Order Production System
Jae-Gon Kim, June-Young Bang, Hong-Bae Jun, Jong-Ho Shin
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: dominance condition, dynamic programming, machine scheduling, order-lot matching problem, total tardiness
Order-lot matching is the process of assigning items in lots being processed in the make-to-order production system to meet the due dates of the orders. In this study, an order-lot matching problem (OLMP) is considered to minimize the total tardiness of orders with different due dates. In the OLMP considered in this study, we need to not only determine the allocation of items to lots in the production facility but also generate a lot release plan for the given time horizon. We show that the OLMP can be considered as a special type of machine scheduling problem with many similarities to the single machine total tardiness scheduling problem ( 1 | | ∑ T i ). We suggest dominance conditions for the OLMP by modifying those for 1 | | ∑ T i and a dynamic programming (DP) model based on the dominance conditions. With two example problems, we show that the DP model can solve small-sized OLMPs optimally.
Syngas Production Improvement of Sugarcane Bagasse Conversion Using an Electromagnetic Modified Vacuum Pyrolysis Reactor
Muhammad Djoni Bustan, Sri Haryati, Fitri Hadiah, Selpiana Selpiana, Adri Huda
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: Biomass, conversion, electromagnetic field, pyrolysis technology, syngas production
The trends and challenges of pyrolysis technology nowadays have shifted to low-temperature pyrolysis, which provides low-cost processes but high-yield conversion, with suitable H2/CO ratios for performing gas-to-liquid technology in the future. The present study has developed a modified vacuum pyrolysis reactor to convert sugarcane bagasse to gas products, including H2, CO2, CH4, and CO in the low-temperature process. The experimental design includes the effects of pyrolysis time, pyrolysis temperature, and applying a current as a function of the electromagnetic field. The result showed that 0.12 ng/µL, 0.85 ng/µL, and 0.31 ng/µL of hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) gases, respectively, started forming in the first 20 min at 210 °C for the pyrolysis temperature, and the gas product accumulated in the increase of pyrolysis time and temperature. In the absence of electromagnetic field, the optimum condition was obtained at 60 min and 290 °C of pyrolysis time a... [more]
Synthesis and Research of Rare Earth Nanocrystal Luminescent Properties for Security Labels Using the Electrohydrodynamic Printing Technique
Chinh Dung Trinh, Thuan Van Doan, Phuong Hau Thi Pham, Dung My Thi Dang, Pham Van Quan, Chien Mau Dang
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Subject: Materials
Keywords: luminescent material, nanoparticles, YVO4:Eu3+
YVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by two methods, namely the sonochemical method and hydrothermal method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed the tetragonal phase of YVO4 (JCPDS 17-0341) was indexed in the diffraction peaks of all samples. The samples synthesized by the sonochemical method had a highly crystalline structure (X-ray diffraction results) and luminescence intensity (photoluminescence results) than those synthesized by the hydrothermal method. According to the results of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the average size of YVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles was around 25−30 nm for the sonochemical method and 15−20 nm for the hydrothermal method. YVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles in the case of the sonochemical method had a better crystalline structure and stronger emissivity at 618 nm. The Eu3+ ions’ average lifetime in YVO4:Eu3+ at 618 nm emission under 275 nm excitation were at 0.955 ms for the sonoche... [more]
Fluid−Solid Coupling Model and Simulation of Gas-Bearing Coal for Energy Security and Sustainability
Shixiong Hu, Xiao Liu, Xianzhong Li
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: coal containing gas, energy safety, fluid–solid coupling, permeability, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The optimum design of gas drainage boreholes is crucial for energy security and sustainability in coal mining. Therefore, the construction of fluid−solid coupling models and numerical simulation analyses are key problems for gas drainage boreholes. This work is based on the basic theory of fluid−solid coupling, the correlation definition between coal porosity and permeability, and previous studies on the influence of adsorption expansion, change in pore free gas pressure, and the Klinkenberg effect on gas flow in coal. A mathematical model of the dynamic evolution of coal permeability and porosity is derived. A fluid−solid coupling model of gas-bearing coal and the related partial differential equation for gas migration in coal are established. Combined with an example of the measurement of the drilling radius of the bedding layer in a coal mine, a coupled numerical solution under negative pressure extraction conditions is derived by using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. Numer... [more]
Size-Selected Graphene Oxide Loaded with Photosensitizer (TMPyP) for Targeting Photodynamic Therapy In Vitro
Kateřina Bartoň Tománková, Ariana Opletalová, Kateřina Poláková, Sergii Kalytchuk, Jana Jiravová, Jakub Malohlava, Lukáš Malina, Hana Kolářová
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: in vitro, photodynamic therapy, photosensitizer, size reduced graphene oxide, TMPyP
Targeted therapies of various diseases are nowadays widely studied in many biomedical fields. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a modern treatment of cancer using a locally activated light. TMPyP is an efficient synthetic water-soluble photosensitizer (PS), yet with poor absorption in the visible and the red regions. In this work, we prepared size-selected and colloidally stable graphene oxide (GO) that is appropriate for biomedical use. Thanks to the negative surface charge of GO, TMPyP was easily linked in order to create conjugates of GO/TMPyP by electrostatic force. Due to the strong ionic interactions, charge transfers between GO and TMPyP occur, as comprehensively investigated by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Biocompatibility and an in vitro effect of GO/TMPyP were confirmed by a battery of in vitro tests including MTT, comet assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and monitoring the cellular uptake. PDT efficiency of GO/TMPyP was tested u... [more]
Triangulum City Dashboard: An Interactive Data Analytic Platform for Visualizing Smart City Performance
Mina Farmanbar, Chunming Rong
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: big data analytics, big data smart city, dashboard, smart cities, smart city architectures, visualization
Cities are becoming smarter by incorporating hardware technology, software systems, and network infrastructure that provide Information Technology (IT) systems with real-time awareness of the real world. What makes a “smart city” functional is the combined use of advanced infrastructure technologies to deliver its core services to the public in a remarkably efficient manner. City dashboards have drawn increasing interest from both city operators and citizens. Dashboards can gather, visualize, analyze, and inform regional performance to support the sustainable development of smart cities. They provide useful tools for evaluating and facilitating urban infrastructure components and services. This work proposes an interactive web-based data visualization and data analytics toolkit supported by big data aggregation tools. The system proposed is a cloud-based prototype that supports visualization and real-time monitoring of city trends while processing and displaying large data sets on a st... [more]
Numerical Analysis on Velocity and Temperature of the Fluid in a Blast Furnace Main Trough
Yao Ge, Meng Li, Han Wei, Dong Liang, Xuebin Wang, Yaowei Yu
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: conjugate heat transfer, main trough, refractory, transient fluid of hot metal and molten slag, wall shear stress
The main trough is a part of the blast furnace process for hot metal and molten slag transportation from the tap hole to the torpedo, and mechanical erosion of the trough is an important reason for a short life of a campaign. This article employed OpenFoam code to numerically study and analyze velocity, temperature and wall shear stress of the fluids in the main trough during a full tapping process. In the code, a three-dimensional transient mass, momentum and energy conservation equations, including the standard k-ε turbulence model, were developed for the fluid in the trough. Temperature distribution in refractory is solved by the Fourier equation through conjugate heat transfer with the fluid in the trough. Change velocities of the fluid during the full tapping process are exactly described by a parabolic equation. The investigation results show that there are strong turbulences at the area of hot metal’s falling position and the turbulences have influence on velocity, temperature a... [more]
Application of a Liquid Biphasic Flotation (LBF) System for Protein Extraction from Persiscaria Tenulla Leaf
Hui Shi Saw, Revathy Sankaran, Kuan Shiong Khoo, Kit Wayne Chew, Win Nee Phong, Malcolm S.Y. Tang, Siew Shee Lim, Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid, Mu. Naushad, Pau Loke Show
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: Extraction, leaf, liquid biphasic flotation, polygonum, protein
Persiscaria tenulla, commonly known as Polygonum, is a plant belonging to the family Polygonaceae, which originated from and is widely found in Southeast Asia countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. The leaf of the plant is believed to have active ingredients that are responsible for therapeutic effects. In order to take full advantage of a natural medicinal plant for the application in the pharmaceutical and food industries, extraction and separation techniques are essential. In this study, an emerging and rapid extraction approach known as liquid biphasic flotation (LBF) is proposed for the extraction of protein from Persiscaria tenulla leaves. The scope of this study is to establish an efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective technology for the extraction of protein from therapeutic leaves. Based on the ideal conditions of the small LBF system, a 98.36% protein recovery yield and a 79.12% separation efficiency were achieved. The upscaling study... [more]
Synthesis and Characterization of New Schiff Base/Thiol-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica: An Efficient Sorbent for the Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions
Moawia O. Ahmed, Ameen Shrpip, Muhammad Mansoor
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Subject: Materials
Keywords: functionalized, heavy metals, hybrid materials, Langmuir and Freundlich, lead, Schiff base
A new type of silica hybrid material functionalized with Schiff base-propyl-thiol and propyl-thiol groups (adsorbents 1 and 2, respectively) was synthesized using a co-condensation method. The synthesized materials and their starting materials were successfully characterized using a variety of techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption−desorption isotherms, the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) surface area calculation method, the Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda (BJH) pore size calculation method, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The results indicate that the new material (adsorbent 1) has a large surface and possesses different functional groups (-SH, -OH, -C=O and −N=C). The newly synthesized hybrid materials (1 and 2) were investigated as potential adsorbents for removal of toxic heavy metals, such as Pb(II) from aqueous solutions.... [more]
Alkaline Water Electrolysis Powered by Renewable Energy: A Review
Jörn Brauns, Thomas Turek
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: alkaline water electrolysis, dynamic, fluctuations, Hydrogen, limitations, photovoltaic, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar, sustainable, Wind
Alkaline water electrolysis is a key technology for large-scale hydrogen production powered by renewable energy. As conventional electrolyzers are designed for operation at fixed process conditions, the implementation of fluctuating and highly intermittent renewable energy is challenging. This contribution shows the recent state of system descriptions for alkaline water electrolysis and renewable energies, such as solar and wind power. Each component of a hydrogen energy system needs to be optimized to increase the operation time and system efficiency. Only in this way can hydrogen produced by electrolysis processes be competitive with the conventional path based on fossil energy sources. Conventional alkaline water electrolyzers show a limited part-load range due to an increased gas impurity at low power availability. As explosive mixtures of hydrogen and oxygen must be prevented, a safety shutdown is performed when reaching specific gas contamination. Furthermore, the cell voltage sh... [more]
A Three-Stage Coordinated Optimization Scheduling Strategy for a CCHP Microgrid Energy Management System
Yan Xu, Zhao Luo, Zhendong Zhu, Zhiyuan Zhang, Jinghui Qin, Hao Wang, Zeyong Gao, Zhichao Yang
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: CCHP, energy management, microgrid, rolling optimization, three-stage optimal strategy
With renewable generation resources and multiple load demands increasing, the combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) microgrid energy management system has attracted much attention due to its high efficiency and low emissions. In order to realize the integration of substation resources and solve the problems of inaccurate, random, volatile and intermittent load forecasting, we propose a three-stage coordinated optimization scheduling strategy for a CCHP microgrid. The strategy contains three stages: a day-ahead economic scheduling stage, an intraday rolling optimization stage, and a real-time adjustment stage. Forecasting data with different accuracy at different time scales were used to carry out multilevel coordination and gradually improve the scheduling plan. A case study was used to verify that the proposed scheduling strategy can mitigate and eliminate the load forecasting error of renewable energy (for power balance and scheduling economy).
Improvement of Small Wind Turbine Control in the Transition Region
Mario L. Ruz, Juan Garrido, Sergio Fragoso, Francisco Vazquez
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: decoupling networks, lab-scale variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine, multivariable control, transition region
Wind energy conversion systems are very challenging from the control system viewpoint. The control difficulties are even more challenging when wind turbines are able to operate at variable speed and variable pitch. The contribution of this work is focused on designing a combined controller that significantly alleviates the wind transient loads in the power tracking and power regulation modes as well as in the transition zone. In a previous work, the authors studied the applicability of different multivariable decoupling methodologies. The methodologies were tested in simulation and verified experimentally in a lab-scale wind turbine. It was demonstrated that multivariable control strategies achieve a good closed-loop response within the transition region, where the interaction level is greater. Nevertheless, although such controllers showed an acceptable performance in the power tracking (region II) and power regulation (region IV) zones, appreciable improvement was possible. To this e... [more]
Gray-box Soft Sensors in Process Industry: Current Practice, and Future Prospects in Era of Big Data
Iftikhar Ahmad, Ahsan Ayub, Manabu Kano, Izzat Iqbal Cheema
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: big data analytics, internet of things, Machine Learning, sensor 4.0
Virtual sensors, or soft sensors, have greatly contributed to the evolution of the sensing systems in industry. The soft sensors are process models having three fundamental categories, namely white-box (WB), black-box (BB) and gray-box (GB) models. WB models are based on process knowledge while the BB models are developed using data collected from the process. The GB models integrate the WB and BB models for addressing the concerns, i.e., accuracy and intuitiveness, of industrial operators. In this work, various design aspects of the GB models are discussed followed by their application in the process industry. In addition, the changes in the data-driven part of the GB models in the context of enormous amount of process data collected in Industry 4.0 are elaborated.
Isolated Taylor Bubbles in Co-Current with Shear Thinning CMC Solutions in Microchannels—A Numerical Study
Ana I. Moreira, Luís A. M. Rocha, João Carneiro, José D. P. Araújo, João B. L. M. Campos, João M. Miranda
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: carboxymethylcellulose solutions, Computational Fluid Dynamics, microfluidics, shear thinning fluids, Taylor bubbles, volume of fluid method
Slug flow is a multiphase flow pattern characterized by the occurrence of long gas bubbles (Taylor bubbles) separated by liquid slugs. This multiphase flow regime is present in many and diversified natural and industrial processes, at macro and microscales, such as in eruption of volcanic magmas, oil recovery from pre-salt regions, micro heat exchangers, and small-sized refrigerating systems. Previous studies in the literature have been mostly focused on tubular gas bubbles flowing in Newtonian liquids. In this work, results from several numerical simulations of tubular gas bubbles flowing in a shear thinning liquid in microchannels are reported. To simulate the shear thinning behavior, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solutions with different concentrations were considered. The results are compared with data from bubbles flowing in Newtonian liquids in identical geometric and dynamic conditions. The numerical work was carried out in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package Ansys Fluent... [more]
Influence of Soil Particle Size on the Temperature Field and Energy Consumption of Injected Steam Soil Disinfection
Zhenjie Yang, Adnan Abbas, Xiaochan Wang, Muhammad Ameen, Haihui Yang, Shakeel Ahmed Soomro
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: energy consumption, soil particle size, soil steam disinfection, soil temperature, soil water content
Soil steam disinfection (SSD) technology is an effective means of eliminating soil borne diseases. Among the soil cultivation conditions of facility agriculture in the Yangtze River Delta region of China, the clay soil particles (SPs) are fine, the soil pores are small, and the texture is relatively viscous. When injection disinfection technology is applied in the clay soil, the diffusion of steam is hindered and the heating efficiency is substantially affected. To increase the heating efficiency of SSD, we first discretized the continuum model of Philip and De Vries into circular particle porous media of different sizes and random distribution. Then with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation technology, a single-injection steam disinfection model for different SP size conditions was constructed. Furthermore, the diffusion pattern of the macro-porous vapor flow and matrix flow and the corresponding temperature field were simulated and analyzed. Finally, a single-pipe... [more]
Hybrid Drying of Murraya koenigii Leaves: Energy Consumption, Antioxidant Capacity, Profiling of Volatile Compounds and Quality Studies
Choong Oon Choo, Bee Lin Chua, Adam Figiel, Klaudiusz Jałoszyński, Aneta Wojdyło, Antoni Szumny, Jacek Łyczko, Chien Hwa Chong
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: antioxidant capacity, CPD-MVFD, energy consumption, GC-MS, hybrid drying, murraya koenigii, MVD
This study aims to reduce the amount of specific energy consumed during the drying of fresh Murraya koenigii leaves by comparing four drying methods: (1) convective hot-air drying (CD; 40, 50 and 60 °C); (2) single-stage microwave-vacuum drying (MVD; 6, 9 and 12 W/g); (3) two-stage convective hot-air pre-drying followed by microwave-vacuum finishing−drying (CPD-MVFD; 50 °C, 9 W/g); and (4) freeze-drying as a control in the analysis sections. The drying kinetics were also modelled using thin-layer models. The quality parameters of dried M. koenigii leaves were measured including total polyphenolic content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (ABTS and FRAP), profiling of volatile compounds, colour analysis and water activity analysis. Results showed that CPD-MVFD effectively reduced the specific energy consumption of CD at 50 °C by 67.3% in terms of kilojoules per gram of fresh weight and 48.9% in terms of kilojoules per gram of water. The modified Page model demonstrated excellent fitting to th... [more]
A Mathematical Model Combined with Radar Data for Bell-Less Charging of a Blast Furnace
Meng Li, Han Wei, Yao Ge, Guocai Xiao, Yaowei Yu
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: blast furnace, burden distribution, charging system, mathematical model, radar data
Charging directly affects the burden distribution of a blast furnace, which determines the gas distribution in the shaft of the furnace. Adjusting the charging can improve the distribution of the gas flow, increase the gas utilization efficiency of the furnace, reduce energy consumption, and prolong the life of the blast furnace. In this paper, a mathematical model of blast furnace charging was developed and applied on a steel plant in China, which includes the display of the burden profile, burden layers, descent speed of the layers, and ore/coke ratio. Furthermore, the mathematical model is developed to combine the radar data of the burden profile. The above model is currently used in Nanjing Steel as a reference for operators to adjust the charging. The model is being tested with a radar system on the blast furnace.
Structural Optimization of Alkylbenzenes as Graphene Dispersants
Shimpei Takeda, Yuta Nishina
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Subject: Materials
Keywords: alkylbenzene, dispersant, graphene, graphite, liquid-phase exfoliation
Among the several methods of producing graphene, the liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite is attractive because of a simple and easy procedure, being expected for mass production. The dispersibility of graphene can be improved by adding a dispersant molecule that interacts with graphene, but the appropriate molecular design has not been proposed. In this study, we focused on aromatic compounds with alkyl chains as dispersing agents. We synthesized a series of alkyl aromatic compounds and evaluated their performance as a dispersant for graphene. The results suggest that the alkyl chain length and solubility in the solvent play a vital role in graphene dispersion.
Numerical Simulation of a Flow Field in a Turbo Air Classifier and Optimization of the Process Parameters
Yun Zeng, Si Zhang, Yang Zhou, Meiqiu Li
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: numerical simulation, particle trajectory, process parameters, relative classification sharpness index, turbo air classifier
Due to the rapid development of powder technology around the world, powder materials are being widely used in various fields, including metallurgy, the chemical industry, and petroleum. The turbo air classifier, as a powder production equipment, is one of the most important mechanical facilities in the industry today. In order to investigate the production efficiency of ultrafine powder and improve the classification performance in a turbo air classifier, two process parameters were optimized by analyzing the influence of the rotor cage speed and air velocity on the flow field. Numerical simulations using the ANSYS-Fluent Software, as well as material classification experiments, were implemented to verify the optimal process parameters. The simulation results provide many optimal process parameters. Several sets of the optimal process parameters were selected, and the product particle size distribution was used as the inspection index to conduct a material grading experiment. The exper... [more]
Anti-Melanogenesis, Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of Scabiosa columbaria L.
Wilfred Otang-Mbeng, Idowu Jonas Sagbo
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: antioxidant, hyperpigmentation, melanin, Scabiosa columbaria, skin, tyrosinase
Scabiosa columbaria is a plant traditionally used to treat skin ailments, such as scabies, wound bruises, sores and hyperpigmentation. To find a novel skin depigmenting agent, the present study was investigated to determine the possible anti-melanogenesis, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase effects of methanol extract of S. columbaria leaves. Cytotoxicity towards human dermal fibroblast (MRHF) cells was assessed using the live-cell fluorescence imaging microscopy. The inhibitory effects of the extract on tyrosinase, collagenase and melanin synthesis were also investigated using standard in vitro method, while ferric reducing power (FRAP) was used to determine the antioxidant potential of the plant extract. The effect of the extract on collagen content in MRHF cells was also investigated. The plant extract displayed no meaningful cytotoxicity towards MRHF cells and no significant cell death was recorded at all the tested concentrations. The extract (25−100 µg/mL) effectively decreased mela... [more]
Effect of Dehydration on the Rheological Measurement of Surimi Paste in Cone-Plate Rheometry: Heat and Mass Transfer Simulation
Hyeon Woo Park, Jae Won Park, Won Byong Yoon
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: Alaska Pollock, Computational Fluid Dynamics temperature sweep, rheology, surimi
Moisture transfer characteristics of Alaska pollock (AP) surimi were investigated at various temperatures. The effective moisture diffusivity increased from 5.50 × 10−11 to 2.07 × 10−9 m2/s as the temperature increased from 30 °C to 90 °C. In order to investigate the mass and heat transfer characteristics of AP surimi, the simulation model was developed and evaluated by root-mean-square error (RMSE) (<2.95%). Rheological properties of AP surimi were investigated at different heating rates (1 °C/min, 5 °C/min, 10 °C/min, 20 °C/min and 30 °C/min). As heating rate increased to 20 °C/min and 30 °C/min, elastic modulus (G’) significantly diminished. The diminished G’ could be explained by impaired gel during temperature sweep supported by the predicted temperature distribution in the simulation model. Changes in moisture content of AP surimi during temperature sweep were also measured and predicted by the simulation model. The results showed the decreased amount of moisture content signi... [more]
An Improved Mathematical Model for Accurate Prediction of the Heavy Oil Production Rate during the SAGD Process
Aria Rahimbakhsh, Morteza Sabeti, Farshid Torabi
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: EOR, heat penetration depth, reservoir modeling, SAGD, semi-analytical method
Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is one of the most successful thermal enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods for cold viscose oils. Several analytical and semi-analytical models have been theorized, yet the process needs more studies to be conducted to improve quick production rate predictions. Following the exponential geometry theory developed for finding the oil production rate, an upgraded predictive model is presented in this study. Unlike the exponential model, the current model divides the steam-oil interface into several segments, and then the heat and mass balances are applied to each of the segments. By manipulating the basic equations, the required formulas for estimating the oil drainage rate, location of interface, heat penetration depth of steam ahead of the interface, and the steam required for the operation are obtained theoretically. The output of the proposed theory, afterwards, is validated with experimental data, and then finalized with data from the real SAGD p... [more]
Optimal Speed Control for a Semi-Autogenous Mill Based on Discrete Element Method
Xiaoli Wang, Jie Yi, Ziyu Zhou, Chunhua Yang
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: discrete element method (DEM), optimal speed, SAG mill, sliding mode control
The rotation speed of a mill is an important factor related to its operation and grinding efficiency. Analysis and regulation of the optimal speed under different working conditions can effectively reduce energy loss, improve productivity, and extend the service life of the equipment. However, the relationship between the optimal speed and different operating parameters has not received much attention. In this study, the relationship between the optimal speed and particle size and number was investigated using discrete element method (DEM). An improved exponential approaching law sliding mode control method is proposed to track the optimal speed of the mill. Firstly, a simulation was carried out to investigate the relationship between the optimal speed and different operating parameters under cross-over testing. The model of the relationships between the optimal rotation speed and the size and number of particles was established based on the response surface method. An improved sliding... [more]
Optimization of a Confined Jet Geometry to Improve Film Cooling Performance Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Mohammed Al-Hemyari, Mohammad O. Hamdan, Mehmet F. Orhan
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: adiabatic film cooling effectiveness, blowing ratio, density ratio, jet angle, response surface methodology
This study investigates the interrelated parameters affecting heat transfer from a hot gas flowing on a flat plate while cool air is injected adjacent to the flat plate. The cool air forms an air blanket that shield the flat plate from the hot gas flow. The cool air is blown from a confined jet and is simulated using a two-dimensional numerical model under three variable parameters; namely, blowing ratio, jet angle and density ratio. The interrelations between these parameters are evaluated to properly understand their effects on heat transfer. The analyses are conducted using ANSYS-Fluent, and the performance of the air blanket is reported using local and average adiabatic film cooling effectiveness (AFCE). The interrelation between these parameters and the AFCE is established through a statistical method known as response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM model shows that the AFCE has a second order relation with the blowing ratio and a first order relation with both jet angle and d... [more]
Thermal−Hydraulic Performance in a Microchannel Heat Sink Equipped with Longitudinal Vortex Generators (LVGs) and Nanofluid
Basel AL Muallim, Mazlan A. Wahid, Hussein A. Mohammed, Mohammed Kamil, Daryoush Habibi
April 14, 2020 (v1)
Keywords: heat transfer, longitudinal vortex generators, microchannel, nanofluids, thermal enhancement
In this study, the numerical conjugate heat transfer and hydraulic performance of nanofluids flow in a rectangular microchannel heat sink (RMCHS) with longitudinal vortex generators (LVGs) was investigated at different Reynolds numbers (200−1200). Three-dimensional simulations are performed on a microchannel heated by a constant temperature with five different configurations with different angles of attack for the LVGs under laminar flow conditions. The study uses five different nanofluid combinations of Al2O3 or CuO, containing low volume fractions in the range of 0.5% to 3.0% with various nanoparticle sizes that are dispersed in pure water, PAO (Polyalphaolefin) or ethylene glycol. The results show that for Reynolds number ranging from 100 to 1100, Al2O3−water has the best performance compared with CuO nanofluid with Nusselt number values between 7.67 and 14.7, with an associated increase in Fanning friction factor by values of 0.0219−0.095. For the case of different base fluids, the... [more]
Showing records 1 to 25 of 86. [First] Page: 1 2 3 4 Last
Change year: 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024
Change month: January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December