Industry 4.0 houses diverse technologies including wireless communication and shared networks for internal and external operations. Due to the wireless nature and remote operability, the exposure to security threats is high. Cyber risk detection and mitigation are prominent for secure industrial operations and planned outcomes. In addition, the system faces the threat of intelligence attacks, security standards issues, privacy concerns and scalability problems. The cyber risk related research problems influence overall data transmission in industry wireless communication networks. For augmenting communication security through cyber risk detection, this article introduces an Explicit Risk Detection and Assessment Technique (ERDAT) for cyber threat mitigation in the industrial process. A fuzzy harmony search algorithm powers this technique for identifying the risk and preventing its impact. The harmony search algorithm mimics the adversary impact using production factors such as process... [more]

Aiming at the intelligent production line scheduling problem, a production line scheduling method considering multiple constraints was proposed. Considering the constraints of production task priority, time limit, and urgent task insertion, a production process optimization scheduling calculation model was established with the minimum waiting time and minimum completion time as objectives. The BAS was used to solve the problem, and a fast response mechanism for emergency processing under multiple constraints was established. Compared with adaptive particle swarm optimization (APSO) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) operation, this algorithm showed its superiority. The practical application in garment processing enterprises showed that the method was effective and can reduce the completion time and waiting time.

In this paper, we address a multiload AGVs workshop scheduling problem with limited buffer capacity. This has important theoretical research value and significance in the manufacturing field in considering the efficient multiload AGVs widely used today, and in the limited buffer area in production practice. To minimize the maximum completion time, an improved ant colony optimization-simulated annealing algorithm based on a multiattribute dispatching rule is proposed. First, we introduce a multiattribute dispatching rule, which combines two attributes, delivery completion time and input queue through dynamic weights that are determined by the information about the system, using the multiattribute dispatching rule to construct the initial solution. Then, with the ant colony optimization-simulated annealing algorithm as the basic framework, we propose a method for calculating transfer probability based on the multiattribute dispatching rule, which obtains heuristic information through the... [more]

Biomasses are renewable sources used in energy conversion processes to obtain diverse products through different technologies. The production chain, which involves delivery, logistics, pre-treatment, storage and conversion as general components, can be costly and uncertain due to inherent variability. Optimization methods are widely applied for modeling the biomass supply chain (BSC) for energy processes. In this qualitative review, the main aspects and global trends of using geographic information systems (GISs), linear programming (LP) and neural networks to optimize the BSC are presented. Modeling objectives and factors considered in studies published in the last 25 years are reviewed, enabling a broad overview of the BSC to support decisions at strategic, tactical and operational levels. Combined techniques have been used for different purposes: GISs for spatial analyses of biomass; neural networks for higher heating value (HHV) correlations; and linear programming and its variatio... [more]

In recent years, the stability of the distribution network has declined due to the large proportion of the uses of distributed generation (DG) with the continuous development of renewable energy power generation technology. Meanwhile, the traditional distribution network operation mode cannot keep the balance of the source and load. The operation mode of the active distribution network (ADN) can effectively reduce the decline in operation stability caused by the high proportion of DG. Therefore, this work proposes a bi-layer model for the planning of the electricity−hydrogen hybrid energy storage system (ESS) considering demand response (DR) for ADN. The upper layer takes the minimum load fluctuation, maximum user purchase cost satisfaction, and user comfort as the goals. Based on the electricity price elasticity matrix model, the optimal electricity price formulation strategy is obtained for the lower ESS planning. In the lower layer, the optimal ESS planning scheme is obtained with t... [more]

Intake valve parameters significantly affect the performance of the piston-type expander (PTE). To improve compressed energy utilization efficiency, intake valve parameters need to be regulated according to load. In this paper, an electro-pneumatic variable valve actuation (EPVVA) system was proposed for independent control distributing valve parameters. The trajectory planning for the intake valve was proposed to obtain good mechanical properties. Then, the intake valve duration angle was optimized, and the optimum intake valve lift curves were obtained at different rotational speeds. Results show that the energy efficiency decreased with the intake valve duration angle increasing. The output power ascended sharply with increasing intake valve duration angle, but the amplitude of power growth decreased. The output power had a maximum value at a specific intake valve duration angle. The gray relation analysis (GRA) method was applied to obtain the optimum intake duration angle based on... [more]

Due to the current complexity of the supply chain, multi-echelon inventory management has become challenging while also being an interesting field of research as it allows efficient control of supply chain interdependencies. It became clear to many researchers that analytical models are no longer effective for addressing the multi-echelon inventory management problem. Simulation can be used to assess and quantify the impact of each inventory strategy on a supply chain performance. Our paper aims to provide a simulation-based approach to guide decision makers select and validate a multi-echelon distribution inventory system. The proposed approach is composed of four major steps that involve characterization of the current supply chain, conceptual modeling of the multi-echelon inventory system alternatives, and finally, simulation modeling using appropriate simulation software to compare and test different options. The approach was also tested and validated through an application to the... [more]

Due to the increasing level of customization and globalization of competition, rescheduling for distributed manufacturing is receiving more attention. In the meantime, environmentally friendly production is becoming a force to be reckoned with in intelligent manufacturing industries. In this paper, the energy-efficient distributed hybrid flow-shop rescheduling problem (EDHFRP) is addressed and a knowledge-based cooperative differential evolution (KCDE) algorithm is proposed to minimize the makespan of both original and newly arrived orders and total energy consumption (simultaneously). First, two heuristics were designed and used cooperatively for initialization. Next, a three-dimensional knowledge base was employed to record the information carried out by elite individuals. A novel DE with three different mutation strategies is proposed to generate the offspring. A local intensification strategy was used for further enhancement of the exploitation ability. The effects of major paramet... [more]

In order to solve the problem of new energy consumption, a combined electric and heating system (CEHS) dynamic optimal scheduling method considering the optimal control of combined heat and power (CHP) unit and electric boiler is proposed from the perspective of unit technology transformation, to optimize the thermoelectric coupling relationship and improve the regulation capacity of the CEHS. Firstly, the electric and heat output models of CHP units considering the optimal control process, were constructed and used to analyze the electric−thermal characteristics and the impact of unit pressure safety under variable load input. On this basis, CHP units, electric boilers, wind power units, and thermal power units are optimally scheduled to minimize system operating costs. Finally, a simultaneous method of “discrete first, optimize later” is proposed to solve the dynamic optimal scheduling problem. The simulation results verify that the optimal scheduling considering the optimal control... [more]

Over the past 20 years, civil aviation has substantially reduced its environmental impact to augment sustainable transportation. In Spain, the domestic market has been habitually characterized by a few enterprises providing air transport services linked to scheduled flights on domestic corridors. Because of geographic diversity and the highly concentrated population characterizing this southern European country, many of them could not be supplied by alternative transport modes in terms of both time and distance by comparison with air transportation. For air quality monitoring from 139 national corridors, this paper aims to study related aviation emissions to conduct an economic analysis in terms of positive or negative externalities. For such purposes, the study focused on these domestic routes served by the five most important Spanish airports, specifically on the number of passengers transported from 2011 to 2020. Up to 10 aircraft types representing no more than 89% of regular opera... [more]

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of inventory turnover on the profitability level of Saudi manufacturers. The data comprises 78 manufacturers listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange and was used to test the research hypothesis. The related data over the 2017−2021 period were collected from annual reports and the Datastream database. After running a multiple regression analysis with a fixed effects model, findings showed that the higher the inventory turnover ratio, the higher the cost which could be suppressed, and the greater the profitability of a company. The outcomes of this study have significant implications for managerial accounting issues in the setting of Saudi Arabia. Further, they provide policy recommendations to decision makers and assist managers in enhancing sustainability in the manufacturing sector. This research is the first to investigate this relationship including the impact of COVID-19 among Saudi companies in several industries, thus filling a gap in... [more]

A public health emergency of international concern, such as a pandemic, disrupts the normal operation of the global supply chain, which necessitates in-depth research on supply chain management. In this paper, we used bibliometric and content analysis to provide a systematic analysis of the supply chain industry from this background. The descriptive analysis provides insights into the publication growth trajectory, in terms of the contributing authors, countries, and subject categories, which presents an intuitive display of previous research. In addition, the existing research mainly covers three dimensions of supply chain disruption, strategies, and sustainability, which can be clustered into supply chain disruption, disruption recovery, reconfiguration, digital intelligence, optimization, and sustainability. By revisiting the supply chain industry, we explored the transformation of its characteristics in the pandemic, covering themes ranging from expansion to contraction, from tradi... [more]

The automobile industry is the pillar industry of the national economy. The good operation of the automobile supply chain is conducive to the sustainable development of the economy and social economy. In recent years, the popular research of automotive supply chain disruption risk management has been widely of concern by both business and academic practitioners. It is observed that most of the literature has focused only on a particular journal or field; there is a distinct lack of comprehensive bibliometric review of two decades, of research on automotive supply chain disruption risk management. This paper delivers a comprehensive bibliometric analysis that provides a better understanding not previously fully evaluated by earlier studies in the field of automotive supply chain disruption risk management. We used the 866 journal article during the period between 2000 and 2022 from the WOS database as sample data. Highlights research topics and trends, key features, developments, and po... [more]

This study aims to examine how the bilateral matching decision making of manufacturing enterprises that are seeking partners in the manufacturing supply chain can be improved by taking into consideration evaluation criteria for organizational quality-specific immunity. This study constructs an evaluation indicator system to measure organizational quality-specific immunity based on immune theory. The system’s evaluation criteria are based on the key components of organizational quality-specific immunity. We also construct bilateral matching evaluation and decision-making models using interval-valued hesitant fuzzy information and bidirectional projection technology (BMIHFIBPT). The interval-valued bilateral fuzzy bidirectional projection technology is applied to solve a combination satisfaction and matching optimization model. Empirical analysis is carried out to assess both the supply and demand sides of representative manufacturing enterprises in the manufacturing supply chain, match... [more]

Although mature industrial wireless sensor network applications increasingly require low-power operations, deterministic communications, and end-to-end reliability, it is very difficult to achieve these goals because of link burstiness and interference. In this paper, we propose a novel link quality estimation mechanism named the burstiness distribution metric, which uses the distribution of burstiness in the links to deal with variations in wireless link quality. First, we estimated the quality of the link at the receiver node by counting the number of consecutive packets lost in each link. Based on that, we created a burstiness distribution list and estimated the number of transmissions. Our simulation in the Cooja simulator from Contiki-NG showed that our proposal can be used in scheduling as an input metric to calculate the number of transmissions in order to achieve a reliability target in industrial wireless sensor networks.

In this paper, the optimal dynamic scheduling of electric vehicles (EVs) in a parking lot (PL) is proposed to minimize the charging cost. In static scheduling, the PL operator can make the optimal scheduling if the demand, arrival, and departure time of EVs are known well in advance. If not, a static charging scheme is not feasible. Therefore, dynamic charging is preferred. A dynamic scheduling scheme means the EVs may come and go at any time, i.e., EVs’ arrival is dynamic in nature. The EVs may come to the PL with prior appointments or not. Therefore, a PL operator requires a mechanism to charge the EVs that arrive with or without reservation, and the demand for EVs is unknown to the PL operator. In general, the PL uses the first-in-first serve (FIFS) method for charging the EVs. The well-known optimization techniques such as particle swarm optimization and shuffled frog leaping algorithms are used for the EVs’ dynamic scheduling scheme to minimize the grid’s charging cost. Moreover,... [more]

Electricity distribution network optimisation has attracted attention in recent years due to the widespread penetration of distributed generation. A considerable portion of network optimisation algorithms rely on an initial solution that is supposed to bypass the time-consuming steps of optimisation routines. The aim of this paper is to present a nature inspired algorithm for initial network generation. Based on slime mold behaviour, the algorithm can generate a large-scale network in a reasonable computation time. A mathematical formulation and parameter exploration of the slime mold algorithm are presented. Slime mold networks resemble a relaxed minimum spanning tree with better balance between the investment and loss costs of a distribution network. Results indicate lower total costs for suburban and urban networks.

This article proposes the application of a multi-criteria decision-making method based on fuzzy complex proportional assessment (COPRAS-F), applying business sustainability criteria, to rank alternative sites for the installation of photovoltaic plants, as selected from a geographic suitability index map of vast and heterogeneous regions in Southern Brazil, obtained from a geographic information system. As a key feature, the methodology serves the interests of stakeholders during decision-making meetings in a personalized manner, eliminating the need for consensus to overcome conflicts and antagonistic positions, allowing them to maintain a strictly professional view and to communicate in business language. The results indicate that the best location from a geographical viewpoint may not be the best location from a business viewpoint.

Due to the rapid growth in power consumption of domestic and industrial appliances, distributed energy generation units face difficulties in supplying power efficiently. The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) provides a solution to these problems using appropriate management schemes to achieve optimal operation. Furthermore, to lessen the uncertainties of distributed energy management systems, a decentralized energy management system named virtual power plant (VPP) plays a significant role. This paper presents a comprehensive review of 65 existing different VPP optimization models, techniques, and algorithms based on their system configuration, parameters, and control schemes. Moreover, the paper categorizes the discussed optimization techniques into seven different types, namely conventional technique, offering model, intelligent technique, price-based unit commitment (PBUC) model, optimal bidding, stochastic technique, and linear prog... [more]

The growth in volatile renewable energy (RE) generation is accompanied by an increasing network load and an increasing demand for storage units. Household storage systems and micro power plants, in particular, represent an uncertainty factor for distribution networks, as well as transmission networks. Due to missing data exchanges, transmission system operators cannot take into account the impact of household storage systems in their network load and generation forecasts. Thus, neglecting the increasing number of household storage systems leads to increasing forecast inaccuracies. To consider the impact of the storage systems on forecasting, this paper presents a new approach to calculate a substation-specific storage forecast, which includes both substation-specific RE generation and load forecasts. For the storage forecast, storage systems and micro power plants are assigned to substations. Based on their aggregated behavior, the impact on the forecasted RE generation and load is det... [more]

With the emergence of the concept of green manufacturing, more manufacturers have attached importance to energy consumption indicators. The process planning and shop scheduling procedures involved in manufacturing processes can both independently achieve energy savings, however independent optimization approaches limit the optimization space. In order to achieve a better optimization effect, the optimization of energy savings for integrated process planning and scheduling (IPPS) was studied in this paper. A mathematical model for multi-objective optimization of IPPS was established to minimize the total energy consumption, makespan, and peak power of the job shop. A hierarchical multi-strategy genetic algorithm based on non-dominated sorting (NSHMSGA) was proposed to solve the problem. This algorithm was based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) framework, in which an improved hierarchical coding method is used, containing a variety of genetic operators with diffe... [more]

Bio-based supply chains are by nature complex to optimize. The new logistic concept of integrated biomass logistical center (IBLC) provides us the opportunity to make full use of the idle capacity for a food/feed plant to produce biobased products so that the entire chain efficiency can be improved. Although research has been conducted to analyze the IBLC concept, is yet to be an optimization model that can optimally arrange the activities in the supply chain where an IBLC stands in the middle. To fill the knowledge gap in the literature, this paper makes the first step to develop a MILP model that enables biobased supply chain optimization with the IBLC concept, which supports logistic and processing decisions in the chain. The model is applied in a case study for a feed and fodder plant in Spain where managerial insights have been derived for transferring the plant to a profitable IBLC.

Unbalanced power demand across time slots causes overload in a specific time zone. Various studies have proved that this can be mitigated through smart grid and price policy, but research on time preference is insufficient. This study proposed a real-time pricing model on a smart grid through a two-stage Stackelberg game model based on a utility function that reflects the user’s time preference. In the first step, the suppliers determine the profit-maximizing price, and then, the users decide the electricity usage schedule according to the given price. Nash equilibrium and comparative analysis of the proposed game explain the relationship between time preference, price, and usage. Additionally, a Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated the effect of the change in time preference distribution. The experimental results confirmed that the proposed real-time pricing method lowers peak-to-average ratio (PAR) and increases overall social welfare. This study is meaningful in that it presents a pr... [more]

During the last decade, the technologies related to electric vehicles (EVs) have captured both scientific and industrial interest. Specifically, the subject of the smart charging of EVs has gained significant attention, as it facilitates the managed charging of EVs to reduce disturbances to the power grid. Despite the presence of an extended literature on the topic, the implementation of a framework that allows flexibility in the definition of the decision-making objectives, along with user-defined criteria is still a challenge. Towards addressing this challenge, a framework for the smart charging of EVs is presented in this paper. The framework consists of a heuristic algorithm that facilitates the charge scheduling within a charging station (CS), and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to support the driver of the EV selecting the most appropriate charging station based on their needs of transportation and personal preferences. The communications are facilitated by the Open Platform... [more]

Issues of gain scheduling control for aero-engines are addressed in this paper. An aero-engine is a system with high nonlinearity, and the requirement on controlling performance is high. Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) synthesis is commonly used to satisfy the requirements. However, the designing procedure of an LPV synthesis controller is complex, and may lead to undesirable design results when the variation rate of scheduling parameter is relatively fast. In this paper, an improved gain scheduling design procedure that can guarantee reliable stability and performance is developed. The method allows arbitrary variation of scheduling parameters, and is a modification for conventional LPV synthesis control. Special cases where traditional LPV synthesis control can still work are also discussed. The modified design procedure is evaluated on a small turbofan engine. Simulations show that for conditions where conventional scheduling fail to stabilize the plant, the proposed modification can... [more]