Abstract
This supplementary material provides supporting methodological and numerical information for the study of uncertainty-aware fleet planning for heavy-duty freight. It expands on the construction of the case study, including the truck technologies, route characteristics, freight classes, operating scenarios, and economic and environmental assumptions used in the stochastic optimization model.
The document also provides additional formulation details, data tables, computational settings, and supporting analyses needed to interpret and reproduce the results. Together, these materials complement the main manuscript by documenting assumptions and calculations that could not be included in the article because of space limitations.