Abstract
The development of energy technologies with low CO2 emissions is increasingly important for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. In this context, power plants based on the Allam-Fetvedt Cycle appear promising because this cycle (introduced in 2012) features inherent CO2 capture. In this context, its association with biogas as fuel enables its application as a Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) system. This study evaluates the technical, energetic, and economic feasibility of an Allam-Fetvedt Cycle power plant fueled by biogas. The methodology is based on detailed process simulations performed using Aspen Plus® v14. Two biogas production scenarios were assessed: Case 1 and Case 2, corresponding to the processing of 8 and 24 million tons of sugarcane per year, respectively. The economic analysis indicated a high capital investment, primarily in the Air Separation Unit (ASU) and the Balance of Plant (BOP). Nevertheless, a significant reduction in the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) was observed, decreasing from 1443 R$/MWh (€0.227/kWh) in Case 1 to 848 R$/MWh (€0.134/kWh) in Case 2. Overall, the results suggest that integrating biogas into the Allam-Fetvedt Cycle represents a promising technological pathway for power generation with negative carbon emissions. Further research and optimization are required to improve economic viability and strengthen the role of this technology as a strategic option for decarbonizing the energy sector.