Abstract
When designing and planning Green Hydrogen Supply Chains (GHSCs), sustainability considerations are increasingly recognized as essential, particularly in light of decarbonization goals and climate policy targets. Existing research has largely focused on economic and environmental however, social sustainability aspects remain significantly underexplored. This work aims to develop a mathematical programming model to design a GHSC, considering simultaneously economic and social aspects. Solar PV, wind power, and PPA (wind) as energy sources are integrated, while transportation options include the construction of new pipelines, compared to the use of existing highways for trucks carrying liquefied or compressed hydrogen to deliver hydrogen to an oil refinery. The model is applied to a case study conducted in the Brazilian state of Bahia, where different social indicators will be explored, characterizing the case study context while allowing generalization to other contexts. Results allow us to establish a trade-off analysis between economic and social concerns, offering valuable insights for both policymakers and companies, supporting strategies that strike a balance between economic competitiveness and regional social development.