In general, the biomass raw materials burned by biomass power plants generally have the characteristics of variable fuel types, high moisture content, and high volatile content. In this paper, a 130 t/h biomass circulating fluidized bed (BCFB) model was established on the MWorks platform with Modelica language. The influence of biomass type changes on operation parameters, the corresponding steady-state characteristics, and the dynamic characteristics of the BCFB were carried out. The temperature corresponding to the combustion of pine was overall higher than that of the other fuels, and the flue gas from the combustion of pine had the highest concentration of SO2, up to 520.49 mg/Nm3. The flue gas from the combustion of pure cotton sticks had the highest concentration of NO, up to 254.34 mg/Nm3. The changes of fuel type and moisture content all have a great influence on the operation of BCFBs. The emission of pollutants was not only related to the element content of fuel, but also closely related to the furnace temperature. The fuel moisture content also indirectly affects the pollutant emission concentration and the steam-water system.