LAPSE:2023.8979
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.8979
Characterization of Agricultural Residues of Zea mays for Their Application as Solid Biofuel: Case Study in San Francisco Pichátaro, Michoacán, Mexico
February 27, 2023
Abstract
This proposal evaluates the energy potential of agricultural residues of Zea mays from an indigenous community in Mexico. The study consists of four stages: (a) evaluation of residue production in all community farming areas (b) morphological and physicochemical characterization, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman (c) the proximal and functional evaluation of the residues, through fiber analysis, determination of fixed carbon, humidity, estimation of calorific value, ash microanalysis and elemental analysis, and (d) evaluation of energy potential and multicriteria analysis. The results show that Z. mays residues have initial moisture values of less than 10%, ash content below 20%, fixed carbon around 14% and a calorific value of 17.6 MJ/kg associated with polymeric compounds and carbohydrates, as well as a percentage of extractable compounds of the order of 40%. The production of these residues on the 249 hectares (ha) of cultivation used would generate 23 TJ/year, whereas if the total number of hectares available were cultivated, the total energy generation would be 330 TJ/year, which is enough to satisfy the wood fuel demand of approximately seven communities with the characteristics of the study community. Due to this potential, as well as the results of the characterization, the agricultural mentioned residues are an energy alternative to meet the energy demand in communities in Michoacán, Mexico.
This proposal evaluates the energy potential of agricultural residues of Zea mays from an indigenous community in Mexico. The study consists of four stages: (a) evaluation of residue production in all community farming areas (b) morphological and physicochemical characterization, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman (c) the proximal and functional evaluation of the residues, through fiber analysis, determination of fixed carbon, humidity, estimation of calorific value, ash microanalysis and elemental analysis, and (d) evaluation of energy potential and multicriteria analysis. The results show that Z. mays residues have initial moisture values of less than 10%, ash content below 20%, fixed carbon around 14% and a calorific value of 17.6 MJ/kg associated with polymeric compounds and carbohydrates, as well as a percentage of extractable compounds of the order of 40%. The production of these residues on the 249 hectares (ha) of cultivation used would generate 23 TJ/year, whereas if the total number of hectares available were cultivated, the total energy generation would be 330 TJ/year, which is enough to satisfy the wood fuel demand of approximately seven communities with the characteristics of the study community. Due to this potential, as well as the results of the characterization, the agricultural mentioned residues are an energy alternative to meet the energy demand in communities in Michoacán, Mexico.
Record ID
Keywords
Renewable and Sustainable Energy, rural energy, solid biofuel, Zea mays
Suggested Citation
Morales-Máximo CN, López-Sosa LB, Rutiaga-Quiñones JG, Corral-Huacuz JC, Aguilera-Mandujano A, Pintor-Ibarra LF, López-Miranda A, Delgado-Domínguez SN, Rodríguez-Magallón MDC, Morales-Máximo M. Characterization of Agricultural Residues of Zea mays for Their Application as Solid Biofuel: Case Study in San Francisco Pichátaro, Michoacán, Mexico. (2023). LAPSE:2023.8979
Author Affiliations
Morales-Máximo CN: Maestría en Sostenibilidad para el Desarrollo Regional, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico
López-Sosa LB: Maestría en Sostenibilidad para el Desarrollo Regional, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico; Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. [ORCID]
Rutiaga-Quiñones JG: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Rio, C.P., Morelia 58040, Mexico [ORCID]
Corral-Huacuz JC: Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico
Aguilera-Mandujano A: Universidad Michoacana de Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P., Morelia 58040, Mexico
Pintor-Ibarra LF: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Rio, C.P., Morelia 58040, Mexico
López-Miranda A: Dirección de Materiales de Referencia, Centro Nacional de Metrología, Carretera a los Cues km 4.5, El Marques, Queretaro 76246, Mexico
Delgado-Domínguez SN: Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico [ORCID]
Rodríguez-Magallón MDC: Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico
Morales-Máximo M: Maestría en Sostenibilidad para el Desarrollo Regional, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico; Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. [ORCID]
López-Sosa LB: Maestría en Sostenibilidad para el Desarrollo Regional, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico; Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. [ORCID]
Rutiaga-Quiñones JG: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Rio, C.P., Morelia 58040, Mexico [ORCID]
Corral-Huacuz JC: Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico
Aguilera-Mandujano A: Universidad Michoacana de Nicolás de Hidalgo, Francisco J. Mújica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P., Morelia 58040, Mexico
Pintor-Ibarra LF: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Av. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Col. Felicitas del Rio, C.P., Morelia 58040, Mexico
López-Miranda A: Dirección de Materiales de Referencia, Centro Nacional de Metrología, Carretera a los Cues km 4.5, El Marques, Queretaro 76246, Mexico
Delgado-Domínguez SN: Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico [ORCID]
Rodríguez-Magallón MDC: Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico
Morales-Máximo M: Maestría en Sostenibilidad para el Desarrollo Regional, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Mexico; Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. [ORCID]
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
15
Issue
19
First Page
6870
Year
2022
Publication Date
2022-09-20
ISSN
1996-1073
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PII: en15196870, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.8979
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