LAPSE:2023.24741
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.24741
Optimum Additive Composition to Minimize Fat in Functional Goat Meat Nuggets: A Healthy Red Meat Functional Food
Tahreem Kausar, Mohd Adnan Kausar, Saif Khan, Shafiul Haque, Z. R. Azaz Ahmad Azad
March 28, 2023
Optimally designed functional foods are considered the most important part of a balanced and healthy diet. Goat meat nuggets, an otherwise healthy option, are packed with undesirable saturated and unsaturated fats. The present work suggests an optimal functional formulation to reduce the surplus fat content of goat meat nuggets by adding two optimally calculated functional ingredients, namely, fenugreek leaves (FL) and psyllium husk (PH). Response surface optimization was performed to determine the optimal content of the functional ingredients (FL and PH), resulting in minimum fat content without affecting the overall acceptability (OA) and other properties representing the taste and texture (e.g., ash content, pH, crude fiber content, and moisture content) of the nuggets. Functional additives at optimum levels successfully reduced the fat content of the weight-conserved nuggets by almost 39% compared with the control nuggets. Minimal and acceptable effects were observed regarding OA and other properties representative of the taste and texture of the nuggets. An optimally designed, fat-attenuated goat meat nugget formulation is therefore prescribed, which complies with the nutritional standards of a balanced diet.
Keywords
fat content, fenugreek leaves, nuggets, Optimization, psyllium husk
Suggested Citation
Kausar T, Kausar MA, Khan S, Haque S, Azad ZRAA. Optimum Additive Composition to Minimize Fat in Functional Goat Meat Nuggets: A Healthy Red Meat Functional Food. (2023). LAPSE:2023.24741
Author Affiliations
Kausar T: Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (SIST), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
Kausar MA: Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
Khan S: Department of Basic Dental and Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
Haque S: Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 2097, Saudi Arabia [ORCID]
Azad ZRAA: Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology (SIST), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; Department of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India [ORCID]
Journal Name
Processes
Volume
9
Issue
3
First Page
475
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-03-07
Published Version
ISSN
2227-9717
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Original Submission
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PII: pr9030475, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.24741
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doi:10.3390/pr9030475
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Mar 28, 2023
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