LAPSE:2023.17672v1
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.17672v1
COVID-19 Pandemic Effect on Energy Consumption in State Universities: Michoacan, Mexico Case Study
March 6, 2023
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated multiple impacts. In particular, in the educational sector, the virtual class modality generated changes in the patterns of energy consumption at the institutional level; the identification of this consumption will allow us to reflect on new energy saving and efficient use strategies. In this research, we present a case study of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on electricity consumption in 13 state universities in Michoacán, Mexico. Electric energy consumption has been evaluated before and during the presence of the COVID-19 between 2019 and 2020. The comparative analysis estimated the reduction in energy consumption and its economic and environmental impact. The results show a considerable decrease in electricity consumption, generating an average saving of 76.24 MWh/month, which translates into an annual emission reduction from 2019 to 2020 of approximately 497 TnCO2e, and in economic terms of $8,882.25 USD each month. In general, it was identified that consumption patterns in the use of machinery and computer equipment for administrative activities were drastically reduced. If education continues in virtual or hybrid modes, energy consumption schemes will continue to decline and institutions could move towards resilient, affordable, and sustainable models of energy production and consumption.
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated multiple impacts. In particular, in the educational sector, the virtual class modality generated changes in the patterns of energy consumption at the institutional level; the identification of this consumption will allow us to reflect on new energy saving and efficient use strategies. In this research, we present a case study of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on electricity consumption in 13 state universities in Michoacán, Mexico. Electric energy consumption has been evaluated before and during the presence of the COVID-19 between 2019 and 2020. The comparative analysis estimated the reduction in energy consumption and its economic and environmental impact. The results show a considerable decrease in electricity consumption, generating an average saving of 76.24 MWh/month, which translates into an annual emission reduction from 2019 to 2020 of approximately 497 TnCO2e, and in economic terms of $8,882.25 USD each month. In general, it was identified that consumption patterns in the use of machinery and computer equipment for administrative activities were drastically reduced. If education continues in virtual or hybrid modes, energy consumption schemes will continue to decline and institutions could move towards resilient, affordable, and sustainable models of energy production and consumption.
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Keywords
COVID-19, energy consumption, impact environment, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, universities
Subject
Suggested Citation
López-Sosa LB, Alvarado-Flores JJ, del Niño Jesús Marín-Aguilar T, Corral-Huacuz JC, Aguilera-Mandujano A, Rodríguez-Torres GM, Morales-Máximo M, del Carmen Rodríguez-Magallón M, Alcaraz-Vera JV, Ávalos-Rodríguez ML, Rutiaga-Quiñones JG, Rodríguez-Olalde NE, Flores-Armenta MDC, García CA. COVID-19 Pandemic Effect on Energy Consumption in State Universities: Michoacan, Mexico Case Study. (2023). LAPSE:2023.17672v1
Author Affiliations
López-Sosa LB: Programa Académico de Posgrados, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Michoacán, Mexico; Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Méxi [ORCID]
Alvarado-Flores JJ: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico
del Niño Jesús Marín-Aguilar T: Universidad Tecnológica de la Construcción, Nicolás Ballesteros 1200, Ciudad Industrial 4a Etapa, Morelia 58200, Michoacán, Mexico; Universidad Tecnológica de Morelia, Av. Vicepresidente Pino Suarez 750, Ciudad Industrial, Morelia 58200, Michoacán,
Corral-Huacuz JC: Programa Académico de Posgrados, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Michoacán, Mexico
Aguilera-Mandujano A: Instituto de Investigación en Metalurgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Avenida Francisco, J. Mújica S/N Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico
Rodríguez-Torres GM: Universidad Tecnológica de la Construcción, Nicolás Ballesteros 1200, Ciudad Industrial 4a Etapa, Morelia 58200, Michoacán, Mexico
Morales-Máximo M: Programa Académico de Posgrados, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Michoacán, Mexico; Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de [ORCID]
del Carmen Rodríguez-Magallón M: Programa Académico de Posgrados, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Michoacán, Mexico; Doctorado en Desarrollo Educativo con Énfasis en Formación de Profesores, Universidad Pedagó
Alcaraz-Vera JV: Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico [ORCID]
Ávalos-Rodríguez ML: Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex Hacienda de San José, Morelia 58190, Michoacán, Mexico [ORCID]
Rutiaga-Quiñones JG: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico
Rodríguez-Olalde NE: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico
Flores-Armenta MDC: Universidad Tecnológica de la Construcción, Nicolás Ballesteros 1200, Ciudad Industrial 4a Etapa, Morelia 58200, Michoacán, Mexico
García CA: Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia 58190, Michoacán, Mexico
Alvarado-Flores JJ: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico
del Niño Jesús Marín-Aguilar T: Universidad Tecnológica de la Construcción, Nicolás Ballesteros 1200, Ciudad Industrial 4a Etapa, Morelia 58200, Michoacán, Mexico; Universidad Tecnológica de Morelia, Av. Vicepresidente Pino Suarez 750, Ciudad Industrial, Morelia 58200, Michoacán,
Corral-Huacuz JC: Programa Académico de Posgrados, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Michoacán, Mexico
Aguilera-Mandujano A: Instituto de Investigación en Metalurgia y Materiales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Avenida Francisco, J. Mújica S/N Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico
Rodríguez-Torres GM: Universidad Tecnológica de la Construcción, Nicolás Ballesteros 1200, Ciudad Industrial 4a Etapa, Morelia 58200, Michoacán, Mexico
Morales-Máximo M: Programa Académico de Posgrados, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Michoacán, Mexico; Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de [ORCID]
del Carmen Rodríguez-Magallón M: Programa Académico de Posgrados, Universidad Intercultural Indígena de Michoacán, Carretera Pátzcuaro-Huecorio Km. 3, Pátzcuaro 61614, Michoacán, Mexico; Doctorado en Desarrollo Educativo con Énfasis en Formación de Profesores, Universidad Pedagó
Alcaraz-Vera JV: Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico [ORCID]
Ávalos-Rodríguez ML: Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex Hacienda de San José, Morelia 58190, Michoacán, Mexico [ORCID]
Rutiaga-Quiñones JG: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico
Rodríguez-Olalde NE: Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edif. D. Cd. Universitaria, Santiago Tapia No. 403, Centro, Morelia 58000, Michoacán, Mexico
Flores-Armenta MDC: Universidad Tecnológica de la Construcción, Nicolás Ballesteros 1200, Ciudad Industrial 4a Etapa, Morelia 58200, Michoacán, Mexico
García CA: Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia 58190, Michoacán, Mexico
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
14
Issue
22
First Page
7642
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-11-15
ISSN
1996-1073
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PII: en14227642, Publication Type: Journal Article
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