LAPSE:2023.12547v1
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.12547v1
Use of Hydrothermal Carbonization and Cold Atmospheric Plasma for Surface Modification of Brewer’s Spent Grain and Activated Carbon
February 28, 2023
Abstract
This paper presents results that show the effect of hydrothermal carbonization and subsequent cold plasma jet treatment with helium and argon on the structure and sorption properties of a material—spent brewery grain. Treatment of activated carbon, with a cold atmospheric plasma jet, was used comparatively. The effect of activation on the pore structure of the materials was carried out by the volumetric method at low pressure (N2, 77 K). The specific surface area as well as the total pore volume, average pore size, and pore size distribution were determined using different theoretical models. A high improvement in the sorption capacity parameter was obtained for hydrochars after cold atmospheric plasma jet treatment with an increase of 7.5 times (using He) and 11.6 times (using Ar) compared with hydrochars before cold atmospheric plasma jet treatment. The increase in specific surface area was five-fold (He) and fifteen-fold (Ar). For activated carbon, such a large change was not obtained after plasma activation. Regardless of the gas used, the increase in structural parameter values was 1.1−1.3.
This paper presents results that show the effect of hydrothermal carbonization and subsequent cold plasma jet treatment with helium and argon on the structure and sorption properties of a material—spent brewery grain. Treatment of activated carbon, with a cold atmospheric plasma jet, was used comparatively. The effect of activation on the pore structure of the materials was carried out by the volumetric method at low pressure (N2, 77 K). The specific surface area as well as the total pore volume, average pore size, and pore size distribution were determined using different theoretical models. A high improvement in the sorption capacity parameter was obtained for hydrochars after cold atmospheric plasma jet treatment with an increase of 7.5 times (using He) and 11.6 times (using Ar) compared with hydrochars before cold atmospheric plasma jet treatment. The increase in specific surface area was five-fold (He) and fifteen-fold (Ar). For activated carbon, such a large change was not obtained after plasma activation. Regardless of the gas used, the increase in structural parameter values was 1.1−1.3.
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Keywords
activation, Biomass, brewer’s spent grain, HTC, plasma, pore size distribution, structure
Suggested Citation
Krochmalny K, Pawlak-Kruczek H, Skoczylas N, Kudasik M, Gajda A, Gnatowska R, Serafin-Tkaczuk M, Czapka T, Jaiswal AK, Vishwajeet, Arora A, Hardy T, Jackowski M, Ostrycharczyk M, Niedźwiecki Ł. Use of Hydrothermal Carbonization and Cold Atmospheric Plasma for Surface Modification of Brewer’s Spent Grain and Activated Carbon. (2023). LAPSE:2023.12547v1
Author Affiliations
Krochmalny K: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Pawlak-Kruczek H: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Skoczylas N: The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Kudasik M: The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Kraków, Poland [ORCID]
Gajda A: The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Kraków, Poland [ORCID]
Gnatowska R: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Institute of Thermal Machinery, Częstochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 21, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland [ORCID]
Serafin-Tkaczuk M: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Czapka T: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Jaiswal AK: School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Science, Technological University Dublin-City Campus, Central Quad, Grangegorman, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland [ORCID]
Vishwajeet: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Arora A: Department of Chemical Engineering, Shaheed Bhagat Singh State University, Ferozepur 152004, Punjab, India
Hardy T: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Jackowski M: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Ostrycharczyk M: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Niedźwiecki Ł: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Pawlak-Kruczek H: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Skoczylas N: The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Kudasik M: The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Kraków, Poland [ORCID]
Gajda A: The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-059 Kraków, Poland [ORCID]
Gnatowska R: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Institute of Thermal Machinery, Częstochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 21, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland [ORCID]
Serafin-Tkaczuk M: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Czapka T: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Jaiswal AK: School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Science, Technological University Dublin-City Campus, Central Quad, Grangegorman, D07 ADY7 Dublin, Ireland [ORCID]
Vishwajeet: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Arora A: Department of Chemical Engineering, Shaheed Bhagat Singh State University, Ferozepur 152004, Punjab, India
Hardy T: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Jackowski M: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Ostrycharczyk M: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
Niedźwiecki Ł: Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
15
Issue
12
First Page
4396
Year
2022
Publication Date
2022-06-16
ISSN
1996-1073
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PII: en15124396, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.12547v1
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