LAPSE:2023.20659
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.20659
Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments
March 20, 2023
Abstract
A paradigm shift in power systems is observed due to the massive integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) as distributed generators. Mainly, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind generators are extensively integrated with the modern power system to facilitate green efforts in the electrical energy sector. However, integrating these RESs destabilizes the frequency of the modern power system. Hitherto, the frequency control has not drawn sufficient attention due to the reduced inertia and complex control of power electronic converters associated with renewable energy conversion systems. Thus, this article provides a critical summary on the frequency control of solar PV and wind-integrated systems. The frequency control issues with advanced techniques, including inertia emulation, de-loading, and grid-forming, are summarized. Moreover, several cutting-edge devices in frequency control are outlined. The advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to control the frequency of high-level RESs integrated systems are well documented. The possible improvements of existing approaches are outlined. The key research areas are identified, and future research directions are mentioned so that cutting-edge technologies can be adopted, making the review article unique compared to the existing reviews. The article could be an excellent foundation and guidance for industry personnel, researchers, and academicians.
A paradigm shift in power systems is observed due to the massive integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) as distributed generators. Mainly, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind generators are extensively integrated with the modern power system to facilitate green efforts in the electrical energy sector. However, integrating these RESs destabilizes the frequency of the modern power system. Hitherto, the frequency control has not drawn sufficient attention due to the reduced inertia and complex control of power electronic converters associated with renewable energy conversion systems. Thus, this article provides a critical summary on the frequency control of solar PV and wind-integrated systems. The frequency control issues with advanced techniques, including inertia emulation, de-loading, and grid-forming, are summarized. Moreover, several cutting-edge devices in frequency control are outlined. The advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to control the frequency of high-level RESs integrated systems are well documented. The possible improvements of existing approaches are outlined. The key research areas are identified, and future research directions are mentioned so that cutting-edge technologies can be adopted, making the review article unique compared to the existing reviews. The article could be an excellent foundation and guidance for industry personnel, researchers, and academicians.
Record ID
Keywords
battery, converter, Energy Storage, frequency control, inertia emulation, renewable energy resources, supercapacitor
Subject
Suggested Citation
Alam MS, Chowdhury TA, Dhar A, Al-Ismail FS, Choudhury MSH, Shafiullah M, Hossain MI, Hossain MA, Ullah A, Rahman SM. Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments. (2023). LAPSE:2023.20659
Author Affiliations
Alam MS: Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia [ORCID]
Chowdhury TA: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Dhar A: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Al-Ismail FS: Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Interdi [ORCID]
Choudhury MSH: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Shafiullah M: Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia [ORCID]
Hossain MI: Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Hossain MA: Queensland Micro-and Nano-Technology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia [ORCID]
Ullah A: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Rahman SM: Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia [ORCID]
Chowdhury TA: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Dhar A: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Al-Ismail FS: Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Department of Electrical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Interdi [ORCID]
Choudhury MSH: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Shafiullah M: Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia [ORCID]
Hossain MI: Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Hossain MA: Queensland Micro-and Nano-Technology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia [ORCID]
Ullah A: Department of EEE, International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC), Kumira, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
Rahman SM: Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia [ORCID]
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
16
Issue
2
First Page
812
Year
2023
Publication Date
2023-01-10
ISSN
1996-1073
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Original Submission
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PII: en16020812, Publication Type: Review
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LAPSE:2023.20659
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https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020812
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Mar 20, 2023
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