A theoretical analysis enables effects generated by the magnetic core anisotropy of an induction motor to be determined qualitatively. Relationships formulated between currents and magnetic flux linkages that are associated with three-phase stator windings enable the qualitative determination of spectra of currents or voltages of a typical induction motor. These relationships account for nonlinear and anisotropic magnetization characteristics of the motor core, both during idle running and motor starting. Based on these relationships, components of the amplitude Fourier spectra of symmetrical components of currents or voltages, which are useful in the diagnostics of stator or rotor core anisotropy, were selected. Field calculations were performed for the core of a two-pole 5.5 kW motor supplied by three-phase sinusoidal currents. The components of the induced voltage Fourier spectra in both the idle running and short-circuit state were similar to analogous components predicted based on theoretical studies. The components occurring in the spectra, which were obtained based on field calculations, were distinguished in the measured spectra of the symmetrical components of the phase currents. These components were applied to estimate representative current signal levels in the diagnostics of motor core anisotropy. Relative values of these signals did not exceed 60 dB; however, they were significant for assessing the internal asymmetry level of the motor stator or rotor core. The results of laboratory measurements confirmed the results of the theoretical analysis.