LAPSE:2023.32911
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.32911
Moving Up the Electrification Ladder in Off-Grid Settlements with Rooftop Solar Microgrids
Isabelo Rabuya, Melissa Libres, Michael Lochinvar Abundo, Evelyn Taboada
April 20, 2023
The multi-tier framework (MTF) of electricity access defines a continuum of electrification from tier 0, where access is inexistent or very limited, to tier 5 where access is of grid quality. Transitioning households from lower to higher tiers unlocks the potential in meeting more of their energy needs. This study investigates the transition towards higher tier electricity access on Gilutongan Island, an off-grid island of Cebu, Philippines, which is also an informal settlement community with no open land available for a centralized solar PV system. The solar PV potential of suitable rooftops on the island was determined using satellite imagery, ground measurements, and computation. The electricity demand of a cluster of 11 households was examined in detail; these households, situated near two suitable rooftops, were connected to an installed 7.92 kWp solar PV-based microgrid. Results show that the households moved up from lower to higher tier levels in all MTF attributes except for affordability. Nevertheless, the cost of a standard electricity consumption package of 1 kWh/day dropped from 18% of the average household income to 6%. Moving up on the electrification ladder to higher tier electricity access in off-grid areas is attainable with households clustered as a microgrid using rooftop solar PV. Affordability remains to be the biggest challenge that needs to be addressed.
Keywords
electricity access in informal settlements, electrification ladder, energy poverty, low-carbon energy transition, multi-tier framework of electricity supply, off-grid microgrids, remote island electricity access, rooftop solar microgrids, rural electrification
Suggested Citation
Rabuya I, Libres M, Abundo ML, Taboada E. Moving Up the Electrification Ladder in Off-Grid Settlements with Rooftop Solar Microgrids. (2023). LAPSE:2023.32911
Author Affiliations
Rabuya I: Center for Research in Energy Systems and Technologies, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines; Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines [ORCID]
Libres M: Center for Research in Energy Systems and Technologies, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines; Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines [ORCID]
Abundo ML: Center for Research in Energy Systems and Technologies, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines; Saab-NTU Joint Lab, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore
Taboada E: Center for Research in Energy Systems and Technologies, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
14
Issue
12
First Page
3467
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-06-11
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
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Original Submission
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PII: en14123467, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.32911
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doi:10.3390/en14123467
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CC BY 4.0
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