LAPSE:2023.31879
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.31879
Double-String Battery System with Reconfigurable Cell Topology Operated as a Fast Charging Station for Electric Vehicles
April 19, 2023
This paper introduces a novel design of an electric vehicle (EV) fast charging station, consisting of a battery energy storage system (BESS) with reconfigurable cell topology. The BESS comprises two battery strings that decouple the power flow between EV and grid, to enable charging powers above the grid capacity. The reconfigurable design is achieved by equipping the battery cells with semiconductor switches and serves two main purposes. First, it aims at solving cell unbalance issues to increase safety, reliability, and lifetime of the battery. Second, it enables the BESS to actively control the EV charging process by changing its cell configuration in a real-time fashion, making a DC-DC converter redundant. The paper presents a modelling approach that captures the reconfigurable design including the controlling algorithm used for cell engagement. The simulation results show that the BESS is able to fulfil the EV request with sufficient accuracy for most of the fast charging process. However, the switching of cells leads to variations in the charging current that can potentially exceed the tolerance band defined in IEC61851-23. Therefore, complementary measures are suggested to achieve a suitable current control during all phases of the charging process. The estimated BESS efficiency during the EV fast charging process is 93.3%. The losses caused by the reconfigurable design amount to 1.2% of the provided energy. It is demonstrated that the proposed design has a competitive efficiency compared to a battery buffered fast charging station with DC-DC converter.
Keywords
adaptive cell switching, battery balancing, battery energy storage system, battery management system, DC-DC converter, electric vehicle, Energy Efficiency, fast charging, reconfigurable battery
Suggested Citation
Engelhardt J, Zepter JM, Gabderakhmanova T, Rohde G, Marinelli M. Double-String Battery System with Reconfigurable Cell Topology Operated as a Fast Charging Station for Electric Vehicles. (2023). LAPSE:2023.31879
Author Affiliations
Engelhardt J: Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark [ORCID]
Zepter JM: Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark [ORCID]
Gabderakhmanova T: Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark [ORCID]
Rohde G: Nerve Smart Systems ApS, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark [ORCID]
Marinelli M: Department of Electrical Engineering, Risø Campus, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark [ORCID]
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
14
Issue
9
First Page
2414
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-04-23
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
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Original Submission
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PII: en14092414, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.31879
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doi:10.3390/en14092414
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Apr 19, 2023
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