LAPSE:2023.24746
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.24746
Cubing Fabrication/Costing and Machine Performance on African Fermented Condiment Quality Attributes Compared with Commercial Bouillon Types
March 28, 2023
Cubing machines in food processing have evolved over the years, which have made products like Star®, Knorr®, and Chicken® bouillon cubes become commercially available today, even in many parts of Africa. On the other hand, the fermented mesquite seed “okpeye” food condiment, traditionally produced by well-trained artisans and widely utilised in Nigeria, requires further product development in order to compete with bouillon cubes. Quality comparisons between the cubed “okpeye” condiment and commercially available bouillon cube products have not yet been reported. Therefore, cubing fabrication/costing and machine performance on African fermented “okpeye” condiment quality attributes, compared with commercial bouillon types, were done. The processing of mesquite seeds into the “okpeye” condiment resembled those of artisans. Bouillon cube products involved the Star®, Knorr®, and Chicken® types. Quality attributes involved proximate, micronutrient, phytochemical, and microbial aspects. Results showed that the throughput capacity of a cubing machine increased with an efficiency of 48 condiment cubes/min, forming properly without separation. Across all studied samples, the protein, ash, moisture, crude fat, crude fibre, and carbohydrate contents were in the range of 1.45−42.50%, 5.29−6.75%, 8.50−12.29%, 2.56−18.54%, 2.45−3.19%, and 18.16−25.56%, respectively. The protein, fat, moisture, calcium, iron, magnesium, and manganese contents of “okpeye” condiment were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of bouillon cubes. Fair amounts of vitamins B1, B2, B3, and E were found, with the “okpeye” condiment higher in vitamin E. Besides the flavonoids (0.12−0.18%), alkaloids (0.08−0.15%), saponins (0.19−0.55%), and tannins (0.69−0.93%) present, the microbial loads were similar (p > 0.05) across all samples. Indeed, the “okpeye” condiment can be cubed, and by quality attribute, it competes favourably, and very promising substitute to commercial bouillon cubes.
Keywords
bouillon cubes, condiment, cubing machine, Prosopis africana, quality characteristics
Subject
Suggested Citation
Uzodinma EO, Okoyeuzu CF, Uchegbu NN, Okpala COR, Rasaq WA, Shorstkii I, Sardo G, Bono G, Korzeniowska M. Cubing Fabrication/Costing and Machine Performance on African Fermented Condiment Quality Attributes Compared with Commercial Bouillon Types. (2023). LAPSE:2023.24746
Author Affiliations
Uzodinma EO: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka P.O. Box 410001, Nigeria
Okoyeuzu CF: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka P.O. Box 410001, Nigeria [ORCID]
Uchegbu NN: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka P.O. Box 410001, Nigeria
Okpala COR: Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland [ORCID]
Rasaq WA: Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
Shorstkii I: Department of Technological Equipment and Life-Support Systems, Kuban State Technological University, 350072 Krasnodar, Russia [ORCID]
Sardo G: Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies-IRBIM, National Research Council (CNR), Via Vaccara, 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy [ORCID]
Bono G: Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies-IRBIM, National Research Council (CNR), Via Vaccara, 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy [ORCID]
Korzeniowska M: Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland [ORCID]
Journal Name
Processes
Volume
9
Issue
3
First Page
481
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-03-08
Published Version
ISSN
2227-9717
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Original Submission
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PII: pr9030481, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.24746
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doi:10.3390/pr9030481
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