LAPSE:2023.1588
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.1588
Remediation of Aqueous Phosphate Agricultural Runoff Using Slag and Al/Mg Modified Biochar
February 21, 2023
Abstract
Slag and Al/Mg oxide modified Douglas fir biochar (AMOB) were compared for their phosphate adsorbing abilities for use individually or in combination for simulated agriculture run-off remediation in wetlands. Aqueous batch and column sorption experiments were performed for both low-cost materials. AMOB was prepared in bulk using a novel green method. Material analyses included XRD, elemental analysis, SEM, EDX, and BET. Biochar and slag have different phosphate removal mechanisms. In short residence times (≤2 h), adsorption phenomena dominate for both adsorbents. Surface area likely plays a role in adsorption performance; slag was measured to be 4.1 m2/g while biochar’s surface area was 364.1 m2/g. In longer residence times (>2 h), the slow leaching of metals (Ca, Al, and Mg) from slag continue to remove phosphate through the precipitation of metal phosphates. In 24 h, slag removed more free phosphate from the solution than AMOB. Preliminary fixed bed column adsorption of slag or AMOB alone and in tandem was performed adopting a scaled-up model that can be used to remediate agricultural runoff with high phosphate content. Additionally, a desorption study was performed to analyze the efficiency of material regeneration. While AMOB does not release any adsorbed phosphates, slag slowly releases 5.7% adsorbed phosphate over seven days.
Slag and Al/Mg oxide modified Douglas fir biochar (AMOB) were compared for their phosphate adsorbing abilities for use individually or in combination for simulated agriculture run-off remediation in wetlands. Aqueous batch and column sorption experiments were performed for both low-cost materials. AMOB was prepared in bulk using a novel green method. Material analyses included XRD, elemental analysis, SEM, EDX, and BET. Biochar and slag have different phosphate removal mechanisms. In short residence times (≤2 h), adsorption phenomena dominate for both adsorbents. Surface area likely plays a role in adsorption performance; slag was measured to be 4.1 m2/g while biochar’s surface area was 364.1 m2/g. In longer residence times (>2 h), the slow leaching of metals (Ca, Al, and Mg) from slag continue to remove phosphate through the precipitation of metal phosphates. In 24 h, slag removed more free phosphate from the solution than AMOB. Preliminary fixed bed column adsorption of slag or AMOB alone and in tandem was performed adopting a scaled-up model that can be used to remediate agricultural runoff with high phosphate content. Additionally, a desorption study was performed to analyze the efficiency of material regeneration. While AMOB does not release any adsorbed phosphates, slag slowly releases 5.7% adsorbed phosphate over seven days.
Record ID
Keywords
biochar, layered double hydroxide, phosphate remediation, slag
Suggested Citation
Crisler GB, Hernandez CG, Orr A, Davis R, Schauwecker T, Johnson JC, Sparks D, Brown A, Wilding K, Navarathna C, Mlsna T. Remediation of Aqueous Phosphate Agricultural Runoff Using Slag and Al/Mg Modified Biochar. (2023). LAPSE:2023.1588
Author Affiliations
Crisler GB: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Hernandez CG: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Orr A: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Davis R: Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Schauwecker T: Department of Landscape Architecture, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Johnson JC: Department of Landscape Architecture, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Sparks D: Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Brown A: Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Wilding K: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Navarathna C: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Mlsna T: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Hernandez CG: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Orr A: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Davis R: Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Schauwecker T: Department of Landscape Architecture, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Johnson JC: Department of Landscape Architecture, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Sparks D: Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Brown A: Department of Biochemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Wilding K: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Navarathna C: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Mlsna T: Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Journal Name
Processes
Volume
10
Issue
8
First Page
1561
Year
2022
Publication Date
2022-08-09
ISSN
2227-9717
Version Comments
Original Submission
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PII: pr10081561, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.1588
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https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10081561
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Feb 21, 2023
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