Since the beginning of the 21st century, agility and sustainability have played a significant role in the global manufacturing industry. The manufacturing paradigm leaning toward green procurement and organizational agility has crossed all levels of sustainability by colossally influencing the firms’ sustainable practices, innovation capacity, and eco-friendly procurements. Integrating sustainable practices in manufacturing is a complex task that demands that global economies conduct comprehensive research on the factors influencing the firms’ sustainable practices. Therefore, the study considers empirical research between organizational agility and sustainable manufacturing practices. The data was collected from 461 respondents working in the manufacturing sector by applying a convenience sampling technique. We utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) for direct and indirect hypothesis testing. The study results revealed that operational, customer, and partnering agility significantly and positively impact sustainable manufacturing practices and green procurement. Green procurement mediates the relationship between operational, customer, partnering agility and sustainable manufacturing practices. The study results showed a significant moderating role of big data between green procurement and sustainable manufacturing practices. The study findings are helpful to managers and policymakers.