Abstract
High-power bidirectional dc−dc converters are being widely employed in renewable energy interfacing, energy storage, electric vehicle charging, military, aerospace, and marine applications. Among various bidirectional topologies documented in the literature for dc−dc power conversion, the split-pi converter invites special attention with regard to applications involving multi-phase systems requiring high-power density. This paper endeavors to present the small-signal modeling of the split-pi converter in its various operating modes. Subsequently, the dynamic characteristics of the converter are studied, and appropriate control design is presented for stable operation of the converter. Frequency response plots are illustrated, and a hardware prototype model of the converter is designed and implemented.