Conventional design method of the downhole tractor is based on cementing casing, which is only suitable for the smooth wellbore. For the open hole well, the conventional downhole tractor has poor adaptability and even cannot work normally. In order to improve the obstacle surmounting performance of the wheeled downhole tractor (WDR) and expand the application range of the WDR, a double push rod-double spring support adjustment mechanism (DPRDSSAM) is proposed in this paper. Meanwhile, the proposed DPRDSSAM also needs to increase the traction force and the stability of the WDR in the open hole well. Kinematic simulation numerical models of both conventional support adjustment mechanism and the DPRDSSAM are established. The two models comprehensively considere the influence of different obstacle forms and sizes on the obstacle surmounting performance of the tractor. The influence of different obstacle forms on the obstacle surmounting performance of DPRDSSAM and single push rod support adjustment mechanism (SPRSAM) is analyzed. Results show that the DPRDSSAM has better obstacle surmounting performance than the SPRSAM. The DPRDSSAM can effectively promote further research and application of the tractor in the open hole well.