Abstract
In emergency rescue operations, it is very important for emergency management to arrange emergency materials scientifically and reasonably according to emergency needs. However, the decision criteria for emergency material distribution are often diverse, coupled with the lack of information acquisition due to the suddenness and development complexity of disasters, which makes the scientific decisions about emergency material distribution face great challenges. This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision optimization model of emergency material distribution under uncertainty that combines the 4E criteria of performance evaluation (economic criterion, efficiency criterion, effectiveness criterion and equity criterion). Then, the solution method of the multiple decision criteria model is designed. Finally, a case study of emergency medical material distribution during COVID-19 in China was conducted for model verification. The results show that different decision criteria have an important impact on the distribution of emergency materials, and the proposed model has significant advantages in the allocation of large-scale disaster relief materials, which can provide a useful reference for emergency material distribution under uncertain information conditions.