Economic Analysis of Thermal−Catalytic Process of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineesensis, Jacq) and Soap Phase Residue from Neutralization Process of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq)

Anderson Rocha Amaral; Lucas Pinto Bernar; Caio Campos Ferreira; Anderson Mathias Pereira; Wenderson Gomes Dos Santos; Lia Martins Pereira; Marcelo Costa Santos; Fernanda Paula da Costa Assunção; Neyson Martins Mendonça; José Almir Rodrigues Pereira; Sílvio Alex Pereira da Mota; Andréia de Andrade Mâncio; Sergio Duvoisin Junior; Luiz Eduardo Pizarro Borges; Nélio Teixeira Machado; Douglas Alberto Rocha de Castro

LAPSE

Living Archive for Process Systems Engineering

LAPSE:2023.6775

Published Article

LAPSE:2023.6775

Economic Analysis of Thermal−Catalytic Process of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineesensis, Jacq) and Soap Phase Residue from Neutralization Process of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq)

Anderson Rocha Amaral, Lucas Pinto Bernar, Caio Campos Ferreira, Anderson Mathias Pereira, Wenderson Gomes Dos Santos, Lia Martins Pereira, Marcelo Costa Santos, Fernanda Paula da Costa Assunção, Neyson Martins Mendonça, José Almir Rodrigues Pereira, Sílvio Alex Pereira da Mota, Andréia de Andrade Mâncio, Sergio Duvoisin Junior, Luiz Eduardo Pizarro Borges, Nélio Teixeira Machado, Douglas Alberto Rocha de Castro

February 24, 2023

Palm oil is, from an economic, environmental, and social point of view, a vegetable oil with great potential and the state of Pará-Brazil is Brazil’s great producer. In addition, soap phase residue or palm oil neutralization sludge (PONS), a byproduct of the neutralization step of the chemical refinement of palm oil, is produced, posing a huge problem for waste disposal and management in the production process of refined palm oil (RPO). In this context, this work aims to systematically investigate the economic analysis of the thermal−catalytic process of crude palm oil (CPO) and palm oil neutralization sludge (PONS). The thermocatalytic processes of CPO and PONS carried out at pilot scale and their economic feasibility were analyzed. The yields of biofuels produced by fractional distillation were also presented. The physicochemical properties of CPO and PONS, as well as those of organic liquid products obtained by the thermal−catalytic process of CPO and PONS were taken into account in the economic analysis. In addition, the chemical composition organic liquid products obtained by thermal−catalytic process of CPO and PONS, as well as its distillation fractions (green gasoline, green kerosene, green light diesel and heavy diesel), used as key factors/indicators on the economic analysis. The analysis of the key factors/indicators from the thermocatalytic processes of CPO and PONS showed economic viability for both crude palm oil (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq) and palm oil neutralization sludge. The minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) obtained in this work for the biofuels was 1.59 USD/L using crude palm oil (CPO) and 1.34 USD/L using palm oil neutralization sludge (PONS). The best breakeven point obtained was of 1.24 USD/L considering the PONS. The sensibility analysis demonstrated that the pyrolysis and distillation yields are the most important variables that affect the minimum fuel-selling price (MFSP) in both economic analyses.

Record ID

LAPSE:2023.6775

Keywords

Biofuels, economic analysis, palm oil, palm oil neutralization sludge, technical feasibility, thermal–catalytic process

Subject

Energy Systems

Suggested Citation

Amaral AR, Bernar LP, Ferreira CC, Pereira AM, Dos Santos WG, Pereira LM, Santos MC, Assunção FPDC, Mendonça NM, Pereira JAR, da Mota SAP, Mâncio ADA, Junior SD, Borges LEP, Machado NT, de Castro DAR. Economic Analysis of Thermal−Catalytic Process of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineesensis, Jacq) and Soap Phase Residue from Neutralization Process of Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq). (2023). LAPSE:2023.6775

Author Affiliations

Amaral AR: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Bernar LP: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Ferreira CC: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Pereira AM: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Dos Santos WG: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Pereira LM: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Santos MC: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil [ORCID]
Assunção FPDC: Graduate Program of Civil Engineering, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Mendonça NM: Faculty of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-900, Brazil
Pereira JAR: Faculty of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-900, Brazil
da Mota SAP: Graduate Program of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Folha 31, Quadra 7, Lote Especial—Nova Marabá, Marabá/PA 68507-590, Brazil
Mâncio ADA: Graduate Program of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Folha 31, Quadra 7, Lote Especial—Nova Marabá, Marabá/PA 68507-590, Brazil [ORCID]
Junior SD: Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas-UEA, Avenida Darcy Vargas N° 1200, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil
Borges LEP: Laboratory of Catalyst Preparation and Catalytic Cracking, Section of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Militar de Engenharia-IME, Praça General Tibúrcio N° 80, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil [ORCID]
Machado NT: Graduate Program of Natural Resources Engineering of Amazon, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa N° 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil; Graduate Program of Civil Engineering, Campus Profissional-UFPA, Universidade Federa [ORCID]
de Castro DAR: Centro Universitário Luterano de Manaus—CEULM/ULBRA, Avenida Carlos Drummond de Andrade N° 1460, Manaus 69077-730, Brazil [ORCID]

Journal Name

Energies

Volume

16

Issue

1

First Page

492

Year

2023

Publication Date

2023-01-02