LAPSE:2023.3704v1
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.3704v1
Synthesis of Graphite-Encapsulated Ni Micro- and Nanoparticles Using Liquid-Phase Arc Discharge
February 22, 2023
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of nickel particles encapsulated in a few-layer graphene shell was carried out using the method of electric arc discharge in the liquid phase, in various media: deionized water, alcohol, and toluene. Nickel and graphite were used as electrodes. The study was carried out to analyze how various liquids, acting as a cooling medium and a source of carbon, affect the formation of a protective shell around metal particles. Raman studies, analysis of X-ray diffraction data, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of spherical encapsulated nickel particles in all types of liquid media. It was found out that the use of toluene as a cooling medium increased the number of particles with a graphite shell and allowed obtaining micro- and nanoparticles covered with monolayer graphene. The absence of oxygen in the composition of toluene, in contrast with alcohol and especially water, prevents the oxidation of nickel particles during the synthesis. This fact, along with the initial basic hexagonal carbon structure of toluene, makes it a good medium for the formation of metal particles covered with a protecting graphite shell as a result of arc discharge in the liquid phase.
In this work, the synthesis of nickel particles encapsulated in a few-layer graphene shell was carried out using the method of electric arc discharge in the liquid phase, in various media: deionized water, alcohol, and toluene. Nickel and graphite were used as electrodes. The study was carried out to analyze how various liquids, acting as a cooling medium and a source of carbon, affect the formation of a protective shell around metal particles. Raman studies, analysis of X-ray diffraction data, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of spherical encapsulated nickel particles in all types of liquid media. It was found out that the use of toluene as a cooling medium increased the number of particles with a graphite shell and allowed obtaining micro- and nanoparticles covered with monolayer graphene. The absence of oxygen in the composition of toluene, in contrast with alcohol and especially water, prevents the oxidation of nickel particles during the synthesis. This fact, along with the initial basic hexagonal carbon structure of toluene, makes it a good medium for the formation of metal particles covered with a protecting graphite shell as a result of arc discharge in the liquid phase.
Record ID
Keywords
graphene encapsulation, micro- and nanoparticles, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction
Subject
Suggested Citation
Ualkhanova MN, Zhakypov AS, Nemkayeva RR, Aitzhanov MB, Kurbanov BY, Akhanova NY, Yerlanuly Y, Orazbayev SA, Shchur D, Zolotarenko A, Gabdullin MT. Synthesis of Graphite-Encapsulated Ni Micro- and Nanoparticles Using Liquid-Phase Arc Discharge. (2023). LAPSE:2023.3704v1
Author Affiliations
Ualkhanova MN: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Zhakypov AS: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Nemkayeva RR: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan [ORCID]
Aitzhanov MB: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Kurbanov BY: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Akhanova NY: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies, Shashkina, 40/48, Almaty 050038, Kazakhstan
Yerlanuly Y: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies, Shashkina, 40/48, Almaty 050038, Kaza
Orazbayev SA: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies, Shashkina, 40/48, Almaty 050038, Kazakhstan
Shchur D: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU, 3, Krzhyzhanovsky Str., 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
Zolotarenko A: Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU, 3, Krzhyzhanovsky Str., 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
Gabdullin MT: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Zhakypov AS: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Nemkayeva RR: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan [ORCID]
Aitzhanov MB: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Kurbanov BY: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Akhanova NY: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies, Shashkina, 40/48, Almaty 050038, Kazakhstan
Yerlanuly Y: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies, Shashkina, 40/48, Almaty 050038, Kaza
Orazbayev SA: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; Institute of Applied Science and Information Technologies, Shashkina, 40/48, Almaty 050038, Kazakhstan
Shchur D: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU, 3, Krzhyzhanovsky Str., 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
Zolotarenko A: Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU, 3, Krzhyzhanovsky Str., 03142 Kyiv, Ukraine
Gabdullin MT: Kazakh-British Technical University, 59 Tole Bi, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
16
Issue
3
First Page
1450
Year
2023
Publication Date
2023-02-01
ISSN
1996-1073
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PII: en16031450, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.3704v1
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https://doi.org/10.3390/en16031450
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Feb 22, 2023
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