In order to compare the oxidation kinetics parameters of crude oils with different properties in the process of crude oil oxidation, six different crude oil samples were selected to analyze the oxidation characteristics of crude oils with different properties. In order to study the oxidation of crude oil, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) synchronous analyzer were used for crude oil in the oxygen environment between 25 °C and 900 °C at a heating rate of 20 °C/min. The experimental results were based on crude oil oxidation using TGA and DTG experimental data to evaluate the oxidation mechanism of different crude oils, so as to better understand the situation in the oxidation reaction process. At the same time, the oxidation stage of crude oil was divided according to DSC data. Arrhenius method was used to analyze the oxidation kinetic parameters of crude oils with different properties, and the activation energies and pre-exponential factors of different crude oils were calculated. The experimental results show that the oxidation stage of crude oil can be divided into three stages: low-temperature oxidation, fuel deposition, and high-temperature oxidation. The low-temperature oxidation reaction begins at 280 °C, and the high-temperature oxidation reaction occurs at 400 °C. The low-temperature oxidation activation energy of an oil sample is 39.73−77.74 kJ/mol. The activation energy of the high-temperature oxidation is in the range of 106.27−264.47 kJ/mol. The activation energy of crude oil in the low-temperature oxidation stage increases with the increase of crude oil viscosity and decreases with the increase of crude oil viscosity in the high-temperature oxidation stage. Therefore, during the high-temperature oxidation stage, high-viscosity crude oil is more prone to reactions.