This paper presents the comprehensive analysis of the sub-microwave, radio frequency band resonant metastructures’ electromagnetic properties with a particular emphasis on the possibility of their application in energy harvesting systems. Selected structures based on representative topologies of metamaterials have been implemented in the simulation environment. The models have been analyzed and their substitute average electromagnetic parameters (absorption, reflection, transmission and homogenized permeability coefficients) have been determined. On the basis of simulation research, prototypes of electromagnetic field two-dimensional absorbers have been manufactured and verified experimentally in the proposed test system. The absorber has been implemented as a component of the low-cost energy harvesting system with a high-frequency rectifier and a voltage multiplier, obtaining usable DC energy from the electromagnetic field in certain frequency bands. The energy efficiency of the system has been determined and the potential application in energy harvesting technology has been assessed.