LAPSE:2023.32444
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.32444
Electric Drivetrain Optimization for a Commercial Fleet with Different Degrees of Electrical Machine Commonality
April 20, 2023
At present, the prevalence of electric vehicles is increasing continuously. In particular, there are promising applications for commercial vehicles transferring from conventional to full electric, due to lower operating costs and stricter emission regulations. Thus, cost analysis from the fleet perspective becomes important. The study of cost competitiveness of different drivetrain designs is necessary to evaluate the fleet cost variance for different degrees of electrical machine commonality. This paper presents a methodology to find a preliminary powertrain design that minimizes the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for an entire fleet of electric commercial vehicles while fulfilling the performance requirements of each vehicle type. This methodology is based on scalable electric machine models, and particle swarm is used as the main optimization algorithm. The results show that the total cost penalty incurred when sharing the same electrical machine is small, therefore, there is a cost saving potential in higher degrees of electrical machine commonality.
Keywords
electric commercial vehicles, electrical machine scaling, fleet optimization, total cost of ownership
Suggested Citation
Lu M, Domingues-Olavarría G, Márquez-Fernández FJ, Fyhr P, Alaküla M. Electric Drivetrain Optimization for a Commercial Fleet with Different Degrees of Electrical Machine Commonality. (2023). LAPSE:2023.32444
Author Affiliations
Lu M: Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
Domingues-Olavarría G: Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden; BorgWarner Sweden AB, SE-26151 Landskrona, Sweden [ORCID]
Márquez-Fernández FJ: Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden [ORCID]
Fyhr P: Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden; Haldex Brakes AB, SE-26124 Landskrona, Sweden
Alaküla M: Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
14
Issue
11
First Page
2989
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-05-21
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
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Original Submission
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PII: en14112989, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.32444
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doi:10.3390/en14112989
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Apr 20, 2023
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