Abstract
The paper assesses the influence of the calcination temperature of synthetic gypsum binder on the binding properties of innovative gypsum pastes, as well as on masonry and plastering mortars. The calcination process of gypsum binder was carried out at four different temperatures ranging from 170 to 190 °C. The specimens for testing were prepared on the basis of the obtained raw material with a constant water to gypsum ratio of w/g = 0.75. It was noted that the calcination temperature influenced the setting time of the gypsum. Based on synthetic gypsum, mixtures of masonry and plastering mortars modified with tartaric acid and Plast Retard were designed. During the experiment, the particle diameter distribution of aqueous suspensions of building and synthetic gypsum particles (before and after calcination) was determined using the Fraunhofer laser method. The dimensions of the obtained artificial gypsum grains did not differ from the diameters of the gypsum grains in the reference sample. On the basis of the conducted research, it was found that the waste synthetic gypsum obtained in the flue gas desulphurization process met the standard conditions related to its setting time. Therefore, it may be a very good construction substitute for natural gypsum, and consequently, it may contribute to environmental protection and the saving and respecting of energy.