LAPSE:2023.19311
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.19311
Event-Based Under-Frequency Load Shedding Scheme in a Standalone Power System
Ying-Yi Hong, Chih-Yang Hsiao
March 9, 2023
Under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) prevents a power grid from a blackout when a severe contingency occurs. UFLS schemes can be classified into two categories—event-based and response-driven. A response-driven scheme utilizes 81L relays with pre-determined settings while an event-based scheme develops a pre-specified look-up table. In this work, an event-based UFLS scheme is presented for use in an offshore standalone power grid with renewables to avoid cascading outages due to low frequency protection of wind power generators and photovoltaic arrays. Possible “N-1” and “N-2” forced outages for peak and off-peak load scenarios in summer and winter are investigated. For each forced outage event, the total shed load is minimized and the frequency nadir is maximized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). In order to reduce the computation time, initialization and parallel computing are implemented using MATLAB/Simulink because all forced outage events and all particles in PSO are mutually independent. A standalone 38-bus power grid with two wind turbines of 2 × 2 MW and photovoltaics of 7.563 MW was studied. For each event, the proposed method generally obtains a result with a smaller shed load and a smaller overshoot frequency than the utility and existing methods. These simulation results verify that the proposed method is practically applicable in a standalone power system with penetration of renewables.
Keywords
Particle Swarm Optimization, photovoltaics, standalone power grid, under-frequency load shedding, wind power
Suggested Citation
Hong YY, Hsiao CY. Event-Based Under-Frequency Load Shedding Scheme in a Standalone Power System. (2023). LAPSE:2023.19311
Author Affiliations
Hong YY: Department of Electrical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan [ORCID]
Hsiao CY: Department of Electrical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
14
Issue
18
First Page
5659
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-09-08
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
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Original Submission
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PII: en14185659, Publication Type: Journal Article
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doi:10.3390/en14185659
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