LAPSE:2018.0489
Published Article
LAPSE:2018.0489
Possible Interactions and Interferences of Copper, Chromium, and Arsenic during the Gasification of Contaminated Waste Wood
Shurooq Badri Al-Badri, Ying Jiang, Stuart Thomas Wagland
September 21, 2018
A considerable proportion (about 64%) of biomass energy is produced from woody biomass (wood and its wastes). However, waste wood (WW) is very often contaminated with metal(loid) elements at concentrations leading to toxicity emissions and damages to facilities during thermal conversion. Therefore, procedures for preventing and/or alleviating the negative impacts of these elements require further development, particularly by providing informative and supportive information regarding the phase transformations of the metal(loid)s during thermal conversion processes. Although it is well known that phase transformation depends on different factors such as elements’ vaporization characteristics, operational conditions, and process configuration; however, the influences of reaction atmosphere composition in terms of interactions and interferences are rarely addressed. In response, since Cu, Cr, and As (CCA-elements) are the most regulated elements in woody biomass, this paper aims to explore the possible interactions and interferences among CCA-elements themselves and with Ca, Na, S, Cl, Fe, and Ni from reaction atmosphere composition perspectives during the gasification of contaminated WW. To do so, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed for Boudouard reaction (BR) and partial combustion reaction (PCR) with temperature ranges of 0⁻1300 °C and 0⁻1800 °C, respectively, and both reactions were simulated under pressure conditions of 1, 20, and 40 atm. Refinement of the occurred interactions and interferences reveals that Ni-As interactions generate dominant species As₂Ni₅ and As₈Ni11, which increase the solid⁻gaseous transformation temperature of As. Moreover, the interactions between Ca and Cr predominantly form C₃Cr₇; whereas the absence of Ca leads to Cr₂Na₂O₄ causing instability in the Cr phase transformation.
Keywords
Boudouard reaction in gasification, interactions, interferences, MTDATA, partial combustion reaction in gasification, waste wood
Suggested Citation
Al-Badri SB, Jiang Y, Wagland ST. Possible Interactions and Interferences of Copper, Chromium, and Arsenic during the Gasification of Contaminated Waste Wood. (2018). LAPSE:2018.0489
Author Affiliations
Al-Badri SB: School of Water, Energy, and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq
Jiang Y: School of Water, Energy, and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
Wagland ST: School of Water, Energy, and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK [ORCID]
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Journal Name
Energies
Volume
11
Issue
8
Article Number
E1966
Year
2018
Publication Date
2018-07-28
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
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PII: en11081966, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2018.0489
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doi:10.3390/en11081966
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Sep 21, 2018
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Sep 21, 2018
 
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Calvin Tsay
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