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Showing records 174 to 198 of 297. [First] Page: 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Last
Insurance Market Development, Energy Consumption, and Turkey’s CO2 Emissions. New Perspectives from a Bootstrap ARDL Test
Abdulsalam Altarhouni, Danbala Danju, Ahmed Samour
March 6, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: bootstrap ARDL, CO2 emission, Energy, insurance market development, Turkey
Many empirical studies have tested the linkage among CO2 emissions, economic growth, and consumption of energy; however, most have not tested the possible influence of insurance market development on their frameworks. This research aims to provide new perspectives on the empirical literature by exploring the role of insurance market development on environmental degradation. The study utilizes a new technique of the bootstrap Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) test as introduced by (McNown et al., 2018). The ARDL testing approach is utilized to explore the short and long linkage between the examined variables. Furthermore, the research utilized the Granger causality to explore the of causality linkage among the selected variables. The findings illustrate that economic growth and consumption of nonrenewable energy have positive influence on CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the findings illustrate that the insurance market development has a positive influence on the levels of Turkey’s carbo... [more]
Blockchain-Enabled Energy Demand Side Management Cap and Trade Model
Alain Aoun, Hussein Ibrahim, Mazen Ghandour, Adrian Ilinca
March 6, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: blockchain, cap and trade, demand-side management, Energy, energy policy, energy trading
Global economic growth, demographic explosion, digitization, increased mobility, and greater demand for heating and cooling due to climate change in different world areas are the main drivers for the surge in energy demand. The increase in energy demand is the basis of economic challenges for power companies alongside several socio-economic problems in communities, such as energy poverty, defined as the insufficient coverage of energy needs, especially in the residential sector. Two main strategies are considered to meet this increased demand. The first strategy focuses on new sustainable and eco-friendly modes of power generation, such as renewable energy resources and distributed energy resources. The second strategy is demand-side oriented rather than the supply side. Demand-side management, demand response (DR), and energy efficiency (EE) programs fall under this category. On the other hand, the decentralization and digitization of the energy sector convoyed by the emersion of new... [more]
Impact of Agriculture and Energy on CO2 Emissions in Zambia
Joseph Phiri, Karel Malec, Alpo Kapuka, Mansoor Maitah, Seth Nana Kwame Appiah-Kubi, Zdeňka Gebeltová, Mwila Bowa, Kamil Maitah
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: agriculture, ARDL bounds test, carbon emissions, Energy, Zambia
The world has experienced increased impacts of anthropogenic global warming due to increased emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which include carbon dioxide (CO2). Anthropogenic activities that contribute to CO2 emissions include deforestation, usage of fertilizers, and activities related to mining and energy production. The main objective of this paper was to assess the impacts of agriculture and energy production on CO2 emissions in Zambia. This research used econometric analysis, specifically the Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Test, to analyze the relationship between CO2 emissions and GDP, electricity consumption, agricultural production, and industry value added. The results showed the presence of cointegration, where the variables of CO2 emissions, GDP, electricity, and agriculture converge to a long-run equilibrium at the rate of 74%. Further, there was a short-run causality towards CO2 emissions running from agriculture and the consumption of energy as indicate... [more]
Energy Resources Exploitation in the Russian Arctic: Challenges and Prospects for the Sustainable Development of the Ecosystem
Natalia Romasheva, Diana Dmitrieva
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: Arctic, business, ecosystem, Energy, environmental risks, oil and gas projects, project risk management, state, sustainable development
According to the forecasts made by IEA, BP, and Total in early 2021, the demand for hydrocarbons will continue for decades, and their share in the global energy balance will remain significant. Russia, as a key player in the energy market, is interested in maintaining and increasing hydrocarbon production, so further exploitation of the Arctic energy resources is an urgent issue. A large number of onshore oil and gas projects have been successfully implemented in the Arctic since the 1930s, while recently, special attention has been paid to the offshore energy resources and implementation of natural gas liquefaction projects. However, the implementation of oil and gas projects in the Arctic is characterized by a negative impact on the environment, which leads to a violation of the ecological balance in the Arctic, and affects the stability of its ecosystem, which is one of the most vulnerable ecosystems on the planet. The main goal of the present study is to understand how the implemen... [more]
Energy Losses Due to Imperfect Payment Infrastructure and Payment Instruments
Oleksandr Melnychenko
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: costs, Energy, Energy Efficiency, payment infrastructure, payment instruments, time
One of the strategic objectives of the European Union is a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and improvement of energy efficiency by at least 32.5% in different areas of the economy by 2030. However, little is known about the impact of payment in retail on energy consumption. The purpose of this paper is to assess the chain of losses of time and energy, and therefore financial losses, that occur due to the imperfection of payment infrastructure and instruments using data of cashiers’ working time. The research is based on a regression analysis method, where the energy cost per payment transaction is considered in this study as a function of the number of customers per hour and the energy cost. The results of the panel models highlight that the number of customers per hour has a negative impact on the cost of energy per payment transaction. Furthermore, modern means and methods of payment, including cryptocurrencies, do not solve the problem of the excessive time that it takes to se... [more]
The Economic Effect of the Pandemic in the Energy Sector on the Example of Listed Energy Companies
Edyta Rutkowska-Tomaszewska, Aleksandra Łakomiak, Marta Stanisławska
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: efficiency, Energy, energy company, financial analysis, pandemic
The study posed a research question: did the situation caused by COVID-19 affect the economic position of energy companies? The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of the situation of the epidemic state introduced in 2020 on the activities of the efficiency of energy sector companies. The subject of the research will be the ten largest Polish power plants in terms of electricity production, including four capital groups to which they belong. Financial data from 2014 to 2020 will be used for the research. To test the effectiveness, the tools of the ratio analysis will be used. The analysis of the financial statements in terms of investments in manufacturing activities confirms the hypothesis that companies investing in new solutions and technologies will be best prepared for an exceptional situation. The results of the research show that those capital groups which in the period preceding the outbreak of the epidemic made the largest investment outlays and at the same time thei... [more]
Turning Waste Cooking Oils into Biofuels—Valorization Technologies: A Review
Lucas Nascimento, André Ribeiro, Ana Ferreira, Nádia Valério, Vânia Pinheiro, Jorge Araújo, Cândida Vilarinho, Joana Carvalho
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: conversion technologies, Energy, fuel, waste cooking oils
In search of a more sustainable society, humanity has been looking to reduce the environmental impacts caused by its various activities. The energy sector corresponds to one of the most impactful activities since most energies produced come from fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, which are finite resources. Moreover, their inherent processes to convert energy into electricity emit various pollutants, which are responsible for global warming, eutrophication, and acidification of soil and marine environments. Biofuels are one of the alternatives to fossil fuels, and the raw material used for their production includes vegetable oils, wood and agricultural waste, municipal waste, and waste cooking oils (WCOs). The conventional route for WCO valorization is the production of biodiesel, which, as all recovery technologies, presents advantages and disadvantages that must be explored from a technical and economic perspective. Despite its successful use in the production of biodiesel, it shoul... [more]
The Place of Energy Security in the National Security Framework: An Assessment Approach
Daniel Mara, Silviu Nate, Andriy Stavytskyy, Ganna Kharlamova
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: China, correlations, economic security, Energy, regression, U.S.A., Ukraine
The term “energy security” is used almost everywhere in economic and political discussions related to energy supply. However, different authors use different meanings to express the concept of energy security. Quite often, this term is used to give more importance or relevance to issues that are often not inherently related to energy security. Attempts to define the essence of the concept of “energy security” have hitherto not been systematic and are characterized by a variety of approaches, and some insufficient justification especially in the aspect of state national security is notable. Our contribution to the discourse development is the consideration of energy security as part of internationally recognized indices that are developed to assess the temperature of world security. A regression modeling approach to test the crucial factors of social-economic development that impact the energy security indicators is presented. The literature analysis and review of the world’s existing n... [more]
Designing the Business Ecosystem of a Decentralised Energy Datahub
Sinan Küfeoğlu, Eray Açıkgöz, Yunus Emre Taşcı, Taha Yasin Arslan, Jan Priesmann, Aaron Praktiknjo
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: blockchain, data, Datahub, decentralised, Energy
Datahubs step forth as convenient test beds for innovative solutions to create value from the energy data. There are numerous pilots and early trials for establishing energy Datahubs, especially in northern Europe. These are all centralised models, and the centralisation of data control and value creation can be regarded as contradictory to the decentralisation trend in the energy sector. This paper attempts to design the first decentralised energy Datahub ecosystem’s business ecosystem, with the name DenHub, using Blockchain technology. This model enables easy access to transparent and flexible energy data and new business models that will emerge upon its use. All data produced, distributed, used, and curated will help researchers and entrepreneurs study this field and propose new business models to make the energy ecosystem more efficient, clean, and inclusive. The paper also presents the differences between centralised and decentralised methods by underlining the advantages and disa... [more]
The Impact of Torrefaction Temperature on the Physical-Chemical Properties of Residual Exotic Fruit (Avocado, Mango, Lychee) Seeds
Arkadiusz Dyjakon, Łukasz Sobol, Tomasz Noszczyk, Jakub Mitręga
March 3, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Materials
Keywords: biomass residues, Energy, exotic fruit seeds, torrefaction, waste biomass valorization
A large portion of food loss and waste (FSL) is comprised of seeds and stones. Exotic fruits such as mangoes, lychees and avocados, in which the seeds account for a significant part of the weight and volume of the entire product, are most affected by this problem. The seeds contain a large quantity of polyphenols and essential nutrients, which makes them a good material for extraction. However, conventional extraction techniques are considered time-consuming, and therefore significantly limit their use on an industrial scale. An alternative method of managing the seeds may be their energy utilization. In this study, torrefaction was proposed as a method for the valorization of exotic fruit seeds (mango, lychee, avocado). Thus, the influence of torrefaction temperature (200−300 °C) on the physical-chemical properties of substrates was investigated. The obtained results revealed that, in relation to the unprocessed raw materials, the torreficates are characterized by improved hydrophobic... [more]
Research on the Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chains and Power Grids Powered by Renewable Energy Sources: A Scoping Review with the Use of Text Mining
Marzena Frankowska, Krzysztof Błoński, Marta Mańkowska, Andrzej Rzeczycki
March 2, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: decarbonization, Energy, green hydrogen, hydrogen supply chains, IRaMuTeQ, power grids, renewable energy sources, scoping review, text mining
The key direction of political actions in the field of sustainable development of the energy sector and economy is the process of energy transformation (decarbonization) and increasing the share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the supply of primary energy. Regardless of the indisputable advantages, RES are referred to as unstable energy sources. A possible solution might be the development of the concept of hydrogen supply chains, especially the so-called green hydrogen obtained in the process of electrolysis from electricity produced from RES. The aim of the research undertaken in the article is to identify the scope of research carried out in the area of hydrogen supply chains and to link this research with the issues of the operation of electricity distribution networks powered by RES. As a result of the scoping review, and the application of the text-mining method using the IRaMuTeQ tool, which includes the analysis of the content of 12 review articles presenting the current r... [more]
Does the Real Estate Market and Renewable Energy Induce Carbon Dioxide Emissions? Novel Evidence from Turkey
Yazan Qashou, Ahmed Samour, Mohammed Abumunshar
March 2, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: BARDL, Carbon, Energy, real estate market, Turkey
In the literature, the linkage between income, energy, and carbon emissions has been widely examined and most of the empirical studies have not investigated the impact of the real estate market on their empirical models. Our study endeavors to present a novel topic by investigating the influence of the real estate market on Turkey’s environmental quality, using an advanced method of the Bootstrap Autoregressive Distributed Lag (BARDL). We estimate that consumption of renewable energy contributes significantly to CO2 emissions, while real income increases the environmental degradation in both the short and long run. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that the real estate market contributes negatively to the deduction of carbon emissions in Turkey. A one percent increase in the real estate market will cause a rise in Turkey’s carbon level by 0.010% and 0.009% in the short and long term, respectively. Our research suggests that Turkey should design new strategies for sustainable real est... [more]
Error Compensation Enhanced Day-Ahead Electricity Price Forecasting
Dimitrios Kontogiannis, Dimitrios Bargiotas, Aspassia Daskalopulu, Athanasios Ioannis Arvanitidis, Lefteri H. Tsoukalas
March 2, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, deep learning, electricity price forecasting, Energy, error estimation, Machine Learning, neural networks
The evolution of electricity markets has led to increasingly complex energy trading dynamics and the integration of renewable energy sources as well as the influence of several external market factors contributed towards price volatility. Therefore, day-ahead electricity price forecasting models, typically using some kind of neural network, play a crucial role in the optimal behavior of market agents. The most prominent models and benchmarks rely on improving the accuracy of predictions and the time for convergence by some sort of a priori processing of the dataset that is used for the training of the neural network, such as hyperparameter tuning and feature selection techniques. What has been overlooked so far is the possible benefit of a posteriori processing, which would consider the effects of parameters that could refine the predictions once they have been made. Such a parameter is the estimation of the residual training error. In this study, we investigate the effect of residual... [more]
Current Legislative Framework for Green Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis Plants in Germany
Lena Maria Ringsgwandl, Johannes Schaffert, Nils Brücken, Rolf Albus, Klaus Görner
March 2, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: electrolysis, Energy, energy law, energy regulation, energy transition, Hydrogen, legal framework, power-to-gas, power-to-hydrogen, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
(1) The German energy system transformation towards an entirely renewable supply is expected to incorporate the extensive use of green hydrogen. This carbon-free fuel allows the decarbonization of end-use sectors such as industrial high-temperature processes or heavy-duty transport that remain challenging to be covered by green electricity only. However, it remains unclear whether the current legislative framework supports green hydrogen production or is an obstacle to its rollout. (2) This work analyzes the relevant laws and ordinances regarding their implications on potential hydrogen production plant operators. (3) Due to unbundling-related constraints, potential operators from the group of electricity transport system and distribution system operators face lacking permission to operate production plants. Moreover, ownership remains forbidden for them. The same applies to natural gas transport system operators. The case is less clear for natural gas distribution system operators, wh... [more]
Qualitative Analysis of Household Energy Awareness in Poland
Joanna Rosak-Szyrocka, Justyna Żywiołek
March 1, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: customer awareness, Energy, interrelationship diagram, Ishikawa diagram, model of the causes of increasing energy consumption in households, Pareto–Lorenz diagram
Because of disruptive changes in energy businesses and services, as well as changes in people’s lifestyles around the world, energy demand and consumption have risen quickly in recent decades. A household energy awareness literature review was conducted. The survey was conducted in Poland with over 1097 respondents. Additionally, it was given a qualitative analysis. At the same time, in order to consider why energy consumption in households is increasing, a traditional quality management tool was used—the Ishikawa diagram. The Pareto−Lorenz diagram was used to analyze the causes of the increase in energy consumption in households. A model of the causes of increasing energy consumption in households has been built. The researchers calculated the chi-square test, which allows them to determine Pearson’s C coefficient. The C-Pearson coefficient can be calculated using the Chi square value. The results of the study clearly show that the respondents have knowledge of energy and the factors... [more]
Digitalization—The Engine of Sustainability in the Energy Industry
Florin Mihai, Ofelia Ema Aleca, Andrei Stanciu, Mirela Gheorghe, Mirela Stan
March 1, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: digital technologies, digitalization, Energy, Industry 4.0, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
The goal of this paper is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature about the sustainability of digitalization in the energy sector in order to capture the main challenges and trends in the transition towards it. The bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature was carried out by interrogating the Scopus database, using a set of keywords considered relevant for the analyzed field and for the goal of the proposed research. The purpose of the study was, on the one hand, the depth of the research into these topics during the 2013−2021 period, in terms of the number of scientific papers, the topic, abstract and keywords associated, the geographical area of origin and the authors’ affiliation and on the other hand, an analysis of the existence of possible links between these topics formulated through three hypotheses. The results obtained reveal the researchers’ concerns for digitalization in the energy sector, the existing correlations between the keywords analy... [more]
A Conceptual Exploration of How the Pursuit of Sustainable Energy Development Is Implicit in the Genuine Progress Indicator
David Cook, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, Ingunn Gunnarsdóttir
March 1, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: economic well-being, Energy, linkages, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, sustainable development, trade-offs
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a bridging point between the old, neoclassical, growth-based model of the economy and newer, emerging paradigms, such as the well-being economy. The importance of growth in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is recognized within the SDGs, however, in addition, Target 19 of Goal 17 advocates the adoption of alternative measures of economic well-being. The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) has been found to be the indicator of alternative economic well-being most aligned with the SDGs. On the basis that increased, high-quality energy use leads to expanded macro-economic activity, as measured by GDP, this study conducts a conceptual exploration of the extent to which the pursuit of sustainable energy development (SED) can enhance GPI outcomes. Based on a recent Icelandic GPI study, a total of 46 SED themes were found to be linkable to 16 of its 39 sub-indicators, including 8 cost deductions and 7 benefit additions. The frequency of these was as... [more]
Shapelets to Classify Energy Demand Time Series
Marco G. Pinheiro, Sara C. Madeira, Alexandre P. Francisco
March 1, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: electricity demand, Energy, energy digitalization, Machine Learning, shapelets, time series classification
Data are an important asset that the electric power industry have available today to support management decisions, excel in operational efficiency, and be more competitive. The advent of smart grids has increased power grid sensorization and so, too, the data availability. However, the inability to recognize the value of data beyond the siloed application in which data are collected is seen as a barrier. Power load time series are one of the most important types of data collected by utilities, because of the inherent information in them (e.g., power load time series comprehend human behavior, economic momentum, and other trends). The area of time series analysis in the energy domain is attracting considerable interest because of growing available data as more sensorization is deployed in power grids. This study considers the shapelet technique to create interpretable classifiers for four use cases. The study systematically applied the shapelet technique to data from different hierarchi... [more]
The Role of Healthcare Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behavior for De-Carbonization: An Energy Conservation Approach from CSR Perspective
Li Xu, Jacob Cherian, Muhammad Zaheer, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Ubaldo Comite, Laura Mariana Cismas, Juan Felipe Espinosa Cristia, Judit Oláh
March 1, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: carbon neutrality, CSR, Energy, pro-environmental behavior, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Buildings worldwide use a large amount of energy and, hence, contribute to increasing the level of greenhouse gases emission (GHG). It was realized that most electrical energy is used in buildings for heating, cooling, and ventilation purposes. To deal with environmental issues, the concepts of renewable energies and clean or green energy sources have been a part of academic discussions. A review of the literature unveils that most of the prior research in the GHG domain focused on the production side of producing renewable energy by opting for different cleaner energy sources (for example, solar energy). Although such studies have contributed significantly to advancing the field, it is also important to change the energy consumption behavior at the level of individuals for decarbonization. However, such a debate to promote the pro-environmental behavior (PEB) of employees from the perspective of energy consumption remains an understudied area. Against this backdrop, this research was... [more]
Lock-In Effects on the Energy Sector: Evidence from Hydrogen Patenting Activities
Francesca Pantaleone, Roberto Fazioli
March 1, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: Energy, environmental innovation, Hydrogen, panel data, patents, renewables
The aim of the paper is to analyze how regulatory design and its framework’s topics, other than macroeconomic factors, might impact green innovation by taking into consideration a brand-new renewable source of energy that is becoming more and more important in recent years: hydrogen and fuel cell patenting activities. Such activities have been used as a proxy for green technological change in a panel data of 52 countries over a 6-year period. A series of sectorial, energy regulation, and macroeconomic variables were tested to assess their impact on that technological frontier of green energy transition policy. As might have been expected, the empirical analysis carried out with the model that was prefigured confirms significant evidence of lock-in effects on fossil fuel policies. The model confirms, however, another evidence: countries already investing in renewables might be willing to invest in hydrogen projects. A sort of reinforcement to the further development of green sustainable... [more]
How to Maintain Sustainable Development of China’s Agriculture under the Restriction of Production Resources? Research with Respect to the Effect on Output of the Substitution of Input Factors
Huaicheng Li, Qing He, Chenming Liu, Wei Dai, Rilong Fei
March 1, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: agriculture, Energy, land, output and substitution elasticities, Water
China agricultural development has been facing the problem of resource constraints because its resources per capita such as land and energy are relatively lower than the global average. By applying the provincial agricultural panel data from 2000 to 2015 and fixed effect model based on the translog production function, this paper estimates both output elasticities and substitution elasticities of agricultural inputs, which may provide insights into sustainable agricultural development. The results show that, except for capital, the output elasticities of other production factors are all positive. Energy has always played an important role in agricultural production, whose elasticity in agriculture increased from 0.0203 in 2000 to 0.1694 in 2015. We also find a severe scarcity of land, and the high intensity of energy in the field of agriculture. Moreover, there exists a substitute relationship between all factors, which means that in the short term, one production factor can be employe... [more]
A New Approach to Energy Transition in Morocco for Low Carbon and Sustainable Industry (Case of Textile Sector)
Slimane Smouh, Fatima Zohra Gargab, Badr Ouhammou, Abdel Ali Mana, Rachid Saadani, Abdelmajid Jamil
February 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: decarbonation, efficiency, Energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, solar energy, textile industry
Morocco has resolutely committed to the green transition of its economy by opting for industry decarbonation, which now imposes itself as an essential access criterion to foreign markets. Intending to include energy efficiency in the leading players in energy-intensive industries, this paper has the main objective of contributing to a better understanding of the decarbonation plans potential impact, taking the example of solar energy integrating opportunities as an action for a thrifty, sustainable, and low carbon Moroccan industry. Indeed, the paper focuses on the industrial textile sector, such as the energy-intensive industry. This sector is the first employer and the most important industrial activity; it is also an icon and the oldest industry in Morocco. This study examines the energy, economic and environmental fallout, evaluating the productions, the investment and the CO2 emissions limit. Besides, the energy industrial sector is characterized by a strong dependence on fossil i... [more]
Inequalities in Regional Level Domestic CO2 Emissions and Energy Use: A Case Study of Iran
Behnam Ata, Parisa Pakrooh, Ayoub Barkat, Ramzi Benhizia, János Pénzes
February 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: Carbon Dioxide, Energy, household, inequality, Kaya, Theil
An increasing amount of CO2 emissions from the household sector of Iran led us to analyze the inequality and understand the possible driving force behind the CO2 emissions. The study of inequality provides information to policy-makers to point policies in the right direction. By considering the differences in the socio-economic factors of provinces, the study aims to analyze the inequality in CO2 emissions and different kinds of energy consumption, including oil, gas and electricity, for the household sector of Iran’s provinces between 2000 and 2017. For this aim, the Theil index and Kaya factor, as a simple and common method, were considered to evaluate the inequality in both CO2 emissions and energy consumption, and determine the driving factor behind CO2 emissions. According to the results, inequality in oil and natural gas consumption were increasing, electricity was almost constant; however, CO2 emissions experienced a decreasing trend for the study period. The Theil index changed... [more]
Nano-Iron Oxide-Ethylene Glycol-Water Nanofluid Based Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) System with Spiral Flow Absorber: An Energy and Exergy Analysis
Amged Al Ezzi, Miqdam T. Chaichan, Hasan S. Majdi, Ali H. A. Al-Waeli, Hussein A. Kazem, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Mohammed A. Fayad, Hayder A. Dhahad, Talal Yusaf
February 28, 2023 (v1)
Keywords: Energy, Exergy, monocrystalline, nano-Fe2O3, polycrystalline
Both electrical and thermal efficiencies combine in determining and evaluating the performance of a PV/T collector. In this study, two PV/T systems consisting of poly and monocrystalline PV panels were used, which are connected from the bottom by a heat exchanger consisting of a spiral tube through which a nanofluid circulates. In this study, a base fluid, water, and ethylene glycol were used, and iron oxide nanoparticles (nano-Fe2O3) were used as an additive. The mixing was carried out according to the highest specifications adopted by the researchers, and the thermophysical properties of the fluid were carefully examined. The prepared nanofluid properties showed a limited effect of the nanoparticles on the density and viscosity of the resulting fluid. As for the thermal conductivity, it increased by increasing the mass fraction added to reach 140% for the case of adding 2% of nano-Fe2O3. The results of the zeta voltage test showed that the supplied suspensions had high stability. Whe... [more]
Integrated Life Cycle Assessment Modelling of Densified Fuel Production from Various Biomass Species
Rukayya Ibrahim Muazu, Siddharth Gadkari, Jhuma Sadhukhan
February 28, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Environment
Keywords: Biomass, densification, Energy, environmental impact, integrated modelling, LCA
This work presents new data on the life cycle impact assessment of various lignocellulosic biomass types in Mexico. A comparative life cycle assessment model of biomass densification systems was conducted. An integrated approach that incorporated various process variables, such as technology and variations in feed properties, within the analysis was employed to evaluate the environmental impact of producing 1 MJ of energy-containing densified fuel. The results show that the densification unit and curing (fuel drying) have the highest impact on the life cycle’s operational energy and the total life cycle energy, respectively. Of all the 33 biomass types from the 17 species sources considered in this study, sweet sorghum and sandbur grass have the highest global warming potential, 0.26 and 0.24 (kg CO2-eq), and human toxicity 0.58 and 0.53 (kg 1,4-dichlorobenzene-eq), respectively, while coffee pulp and cooperi pine wood have the least impact in both categories, with values of 0.08 and 0... [more]
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