Abstract
A comprehensive model has been developed to design heat exchanger networks integrated with organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) and heat pumps, aiming to optimize energy efficiency. The model focuses on two key objectives: first, using heat pumps to reduce dependency on external services by enhancing heat recovery within the system; second, utilizing ORCs to recover residual heat or generate additional energy. To achieve optimal performance, the model requires careful selection of fluids for both ORCs and heat pumps, and the determination of optimal operating temperatures for maximum efficiency. The heat exchanger network is designed to be flexible, with non-fixed inlet and outlet temperatures, while simultaneously optimizing the number and operating conditions of ORCs and heat pumps. This approach reduces costs related to external services, electricity, and equipment such as compressors and turbines. Ultimately, the model facilitates the design of a heat exchanger network that efficiently utilizes residual heat and integrates other energy streams, thus improving both operational efficiency and sustainability. It demonstrates the potential for incorporating ORCs into systems that manage various energy streams, extending beyond just residual heat.