Abstract
Currently, the focus of integrated energy system scheduling research is the multi-objective’s optimized operational strategies that take into account the economic benefits, carbon emissions, and new energy consumption rates of such systems. The integration of electric trucks with battery charging and swapping capabilities, along with their corresponding battery swapping stations, into an integrated energy system can not only optimize system operation, but also reduce investment costs associated with building energy storage equipment. This study first constructs an operational model for the electric trucks, as well as an electric truck battery swapping station, of the flexible charging and discharging; then, an optimized scheduling model of an integrated energy system is proposed, including an electric truck battery swapping station and using stepped carbon trading. On the basis of meeting the charging and battery swapping needs of electric trucks and coordinating the system’s electrical, thermal and cooling energies, the goal of the optimized scheduling model is to reduce the system’s carbon emissions, improve its economics, and optimize its ability to absorb new energy. Finally, a simulation model of the integrated energy system including an electric truck battery swapping station is built on the MATLAB platform, and commercial software package CPLEX is used to solve the model. In the calculation example, compared to the integrated energy system of disorderly charging and battery swapping of electric trucks and electric truck battery swapping stations, the proposed optimized model of the integrated energy system with the flexible charging and discharging of electric trucks and electric truck battery swapping stations reduces the operating costs by CNY 819, reduces carbon emissions by 414 kg, improves the utilization rate of wind and solar power by 0.3%, and fully utilizes wind and photovoltaic power. Therefore, the rational dispatching of the electric trucks and their battery swapping stations with flexible charging and discharging mentioned in this article can effectively optimize system operations.