LAPSE:2023.35821
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.35821
Application of Leather Waste Fractions and Their Biochars as Organic Fertilisers for Ryegrass Growth: Agri-Environmental Aspects and Plants Response Modelling
Ksawery Kuligowski, Adam Cenian, Izabela Konkol, Lesław Świerczek, Katarzyna Chojnacka, Grzegorz Izydorczyk, Dawid Skrzypczak, Paulina Bandrów
May 24, 2023
The automotive upholstery industry, which processes bovine leathers, has struggled with vast amounts of solid waste, of which the majority are fractions, such as shavings and splits and offcuts, both containing chromium (Cr) and free of Cr. In this work, a novel leather waste-to-fertiliser approach has been tested: four lightly processed (incubation with effective microorganisms) and three aggressively processed (using pyrolysis or hydrolysis processes) tanned leather waste fractions were used. They were applied as organic nitrogen-based fertilisers in two separate glasshouse experiments, consisting of four subsequent harvests, under spring−autumn conditions in northern Poland. The Cr stressing effect caused by bovine shavings containing Cr and splits and offcuts containing Cr stimulated an increase in ryegrass growth after 30 days, providing twice the dry matter yield than bovine shavings free of Cr and splits and offcuts free of Cr, then (after 90 and 120 days) it inhibited growth. The Monod kinetics model was developed using the best fitting procedure (R2 > 0.94) for the efficiency of internal N use in ryegrass for the lightly processed fractions of tanned leather-waste fractions and each harvest. In the case of the processed leather waste-fractions, the relation was quasi linear, evidencing less growth inhibition and no over-fertilisation effects. The acid hydrolysate of bovine shavings containing Cr showed the best performance, reaching a relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE, N utilization-based) equal to 89%, 95%, 19%, and 38% for 30, 60, 90, and 120 days, respectively, and 71% in total. For the lightly processed fractions, it was lower than 12%. The future perspective should focus on steps including scaling up the tests to field conditions; transportation, storage, and application methods; effectiveness for other crops; usage in crop rotation systems; environmental impact assessment; production carbon footprint; commercial potential; and optimizing the production processes.
Keywords
agronomic effectiveness, biochar, nitrogen uptake, ryegrass growth, tanned leather waste
Suggested Citation
Kuligowski K, Cenian A, Konkol I, Świerczek L, Chojnacka K, Izydorczyk G, Skrzypczak D, Bandrów P. Application of Leather Waste Fractions and Their Biochars as Organic Fertilisers for Ryegrass Growth: Agri-Environmental Aspects and Plants Response Modelling. (2023). LAPSE:2023.35821
Author Affiliations
Kuligowski K: Department of Physical Aspects of Ecoenergy, The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland [ORCID]
Cenian A: Department of Physical Aspects of Ecoenergy, The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland [ORCID]
Konkol I: Department of Physical Aspects of Ecoenergy, The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland [ORCID]
Świerczek L: Department of Physical Aspects of Ecoenergy, The Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland [ORCID]
Chojnacka K: Department of Advanced Material Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, M. Smoluchowskiego 25 St., 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
Izydorczyk G: Department of Advanced Material Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, M. Smoluchowskiego 25 St., 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland [ORCID]
Skrzypczak D: Department of Advanced Material Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, M. Smoluchowskiego 25 St., 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
Bandrów P: BADER Polska Sp. z o.o., Mostowa 1 St., 59-700 Bolesławiec, Poland
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
16
Issue
9
First Page
3883
Year
2023
Publication Date
2023-05-04
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
Version Comments
Original Submission
Other Meta
PII: en16093883, Publication Type: Journal Article
Record Map
Published Article

LAPSE:2023.35821
This Record
External Link

doi:10.3390/en16093883
Publisher Version
Download
Files
[Download 1v1.pdf] (3.3 MB)
May 24, 2023
Main Article
License
CC BY 4.0
Meta
Record Statistics
Record Views
80
Version History
[v1] (Original Submission)
May 24, 2023
 
Verified by curator on
May 24, 2023
This Version Number
v1
Citations
Most Recent
This Version
URL Here
https://psecommunity.org/LAPSE:2023.35821
 
Original Submitter
Calvin Tsay
Links to Related Works
Directly Related to This Work
Publisher Version