LAPSE:2023.25947
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.25947
Power Capability Boundaries for an Inverter Providing Multiple Grid Support Services
Markel Zubiaga, Alain Sanchez-Ruiz, Eneko Olea, Eneko Unamuno, Aitor Bilbao, Joseba Arza
March 31, 2023
It is getting more common every day to install inverters that offer several grid support services in parallel. As these services are provided, a simultaneous need arises to know the combined limit of the inverter for those services. In the present paper, operational limits are addressed based on a utility scale for a real inverter scenario with an energy storage system (ESS) (1.5 MW). The paper begins by explaining how active and reactive power limits are calculated, illustrating the PQ maps depending on the converter rated current and voltage. Then, the effect of the negative sequence injection, the phase shift of compensated harmonics and the transformer de-rating are introduced step-by-step. Finally, inverter limits for active filter applications are summarized, to finally estimate active and reactive power limits along with the harmonic current injection for some example cases. The results show that while the phase shift of the injected negative sequence has a significant effect in the available inverter current, this is not the case for the phase shift of injected harmonics. However, the amplitude of the injected negative sequence and harmonics will directly impact the power capabilities of the inverter and therefore, depending on the grid-side voltage, it might be interesting to design an output transformer with a different de-rating factor to increase the power capabilities.
Keywords
active power filter, ESS, grid integration, power quality, STATCOM
Suggested Citation
Zubiaga M, Sanchez-Ruiz A, Olea E, Unamuno E, Bilbao A, Arza J. Power Capability Boundaries for an Inverter Providing Multiple Grid Support Services. (2023). LAPSE:2023.25947
Author Affiliations
Zubiaga M: Ingeteam R & D Europe S. L., 48170 Zamudio, Spain
Sanchez-Ruiz A: Ingeteam R & D Europe S. L., 48170 Zamudio, Spain [ORCID]
Olea E: Ingeteam Power Technology S.A., 48170 Zamudio, Spain
Unamuno E: Electronics and Computing Department, Mondragon Unibertsitatea, 20500 Mondragon, Spain [ORCID]
Bilbao A: Electronics and Computing Department, Mondragon Unibertsitatea, 20500 Mondragon, Spain
Arza J: Ingeteam R & D Europe S. L., 48170 Zamudio, Spain
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
13
Issue
17
Article Number
E4314
Year
2020
Publication Date
2020-08-20
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
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Original Submission
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PII: en13174314, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.25947
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doi:10.3390/en13174314
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Mar 31, 2023
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