LAPSE:2023.25473
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.25473
A Theoretical Study on Reversible Solid Oxide Cells as Key Enablers of Cyclic Conversion between Electrical Energy and Fuel
Saheli Biswas, Shambhu Singh Rathore, Aniruddha Pramod Kulkarni, Sarbjit Giddey, Sankar Bhattacharya
March 28, 2023
Reversible solid oxide cells (rSOC) enable the efficient cyclic conversion between electrical and chemical energy in the form of fuels and chemicals, thereby providing a pathway for long-term and high-capacity energy storage. Amongst the different fuels under investigation, hydrogen, methane, and ammonia have gained immense attention as carbon-neutral energy vectors. Here we have compared the energy efficiency and the energy demand of rSOC based on these three fuels. In the fuel cell mode of operation (energy generation), two different routes have been considered for both methane and ammonia; Routes 1 and 2 involve internal reforming (in the case of methane) or cracking (in the case of ammonia) and external reforming or cracking, respectively. The use of hydrogen as fuel provides the highest round-trip efficiency (62.1%) followed by methane by Route 1 (43.4%), ammonia by Route 2 (41.1%), methane by Route 2 (40.4%), and ammonia by Route 1 (39.2%). The lower efficiency of internal ammonia cracking as opposed to its external counterpart can be attributed to the insufficient catalytic activity and stability of the state-of-the-art fuel electrode materials, which is a major hindrance to the scale-up of this technology. A preliminary cost estimate showed that the price of hydrogen, methane and ammonia produced in SOEC mode would be ~1.91, 3.63, and 0.48 $/kg, respectively. In SOFC mode, the cost of electricity generation using hydrogen, internally reformed methane, and internally cracked ammonia would be ~52.34, 46.30, and 47.11 $/MWh, respectively.
Keywords
power-to-X, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, reversible solid oxide cell, round-trip energy efficiency
Suggested Citation
Biswas S, Rathore SS, Kulkarni AP, Giddey S, Bhattacharya S. A Theoretical Study on Reversible Solid Oxide Cells as Key Enablers of Cyclic Conversion between Electrical Energy and Fuel. (2023). LAPSE:2023.25473
Author Affiliations
Biswas S: Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
Rathore SS: CSIRO Energy, Clayton South, Melbourne, VIC 3169, Australia
Kulkarni AP: Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia [ORCID]
Giddey S: CSIRO Energy, Clayton South, Melbourne, VIC 3169, Australia
Bhattacharya S: Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia [ORCID]
Journal Name
Energies
Volume
14
Issue
15
First Page
4517
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-07-26
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
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PII: en14154517, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.25473
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doi:10.3390/en14154517
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Mar 28, 2023
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