LAPSE:2023.24886
Published Article
LAPSE:2023.24886
A Methodology for Industrial Water Footprint Assessment Using Energy-Water-Carbon Nexus
Anna Trubetskaya, William Horan, Paul Conheady, Ken Stockil, Sean Moore
March 28, 2023
Recent national government policy in Ireland proposes a radical transformation of the energy sector and a large reduction in CO2 emissions by 2050. Water and energy form the water−energy nexus, with water being an essential component in energy production. However, the connection between the production of energy and water is rarely made. In particular, the end-user processes are generally excluded because they occur outside the water industry. The present study includes two simple approaches for industrial sites to calculate their carbon footprint in the water sector. The assessment of the milk powder manufacturing using both approaches indicates that the combined emission factor of the water supply and treatment is approximately 1.28 kg CO2 m−3 of water. The dairy production among steel, textile, and paper industries appears to be the most carbon-emitting industry. However, the results show that the carbon intensity of the water supply and treatment can be minimized by the integration of renewable energy sources for the onsite heat/steam and electricity generation. The uniqueness of our approaches compared to calculations illustrated by the ecoinvent and other governmental databases is its simplicity and a focus on the main energy consuming manufacturing steps in the entire industrial process. We believe that the management of water and energy resources will be more efficient when “active water citizens” raise environmental awareness through promoting measures regarding data monitoring and collection, observed leaks and damages, dissimilation and exchange of information on sustainable water stewardship to public and various industrial stakeholders.
Keywords
active water citizen, emission factor, Energy, EU Green Deal, Wastewater
Suggested Citation
Trubetskaya A, Horan W, Conheady P, Stockil K, Moore S. A Methodology for Industrial Water Footprint Assessment Using Energy-Water-Carbon Nexus. (2023). LAPSE:2023.24886
Author Affiliations
Trubetskaya A: Department of Sciences and Engineering, University of Limerick, Castletroy, V94 T9PX Co. Limerick, Ireland; Central Solutions, Castletroy, V94 42P1 Co. Limerick, Ireland [ORCID]
Horan W: Central Solutions, Castletroy, V94 42P1 Co. Limerick, Ireland
Conheady P: Central Solutions, Castletroy, V94 42P1 Co. Limerick, Ireland
Stockil K: Central Solutions, Castletroy, V94 42P1 Co. Limerick, Ireland
Moore S: Department of Sciences and Engineering, University of Limerick, Castletroy, V94 T9PX Co. Limerick, Ireland
Journal Name
Processes
Volume
9
Issue
2
First Page
393
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-02-22
Published Version
ISSN
2227-9717
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Original Submission
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PII: pr9020393, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2023.24886
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doi:10.3390/pr9020393
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Mar 28, 2023
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CC BY 4.0
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Mar 28, 2023
 
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