LAPSE:2021.0781
Published Article
LAPSE:2021.0781
Pyrometallurgical Lithium-Ion-Battery Recycling: Approach to Limiting Lithium Slagging with the InduRed Reactor Concept
October 14, 2021
The complexity of the waste stream of spent lithium-ion batteries poses numerous challenges on the recycling industry. Pyrometallurgical recycling processes have a lot of benefits but are not able to recover lithium from the black matter since lithium is slagged due to its high oxygen affinity. The presented InduRed reactor concept might be a promising novel approach, since it does not have this disadvantage and is very flexible concerning the chemical composition of the input material. To prove its basic suitability for black matter processing, heating microscope experiments, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry have been conducted to characterize the behavior of nickel rich cathode materials (LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 and LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2) as well as black matter from a pretreatment process under reducing conditions. Another experimental series in a lab scale InduRed reactor was further used to investigate achievable transfer coefficients for the metals of interest. The promising results show technically feasible reaction temperatures of 800 ∘C to 1000 ∘C and high recovery potentials for nickel, cobalt and manganese. Furthermore, the slagging of lithium was largely prevented and a lithium removal rate of up to 90% of its initial mass was achieved.
Keywords
carbothermal reduction, lithium-ion-batteries, pyrometallurgical recycling
Subject
Suggested Citation
Windisch-Kern S, Holzer A, Ponak C, Raupenstrauch H. Pyrometallurgical Lithium-Ion-Battery Recycling: Approach to Limiting Lithium Slagging with the InduRed Reactor Concept. (2021). LAPSE:2021.0781
Author Affiliations
Windisch-Kern S: Chair of Thermal Processing Technology, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria [ORCID]
Holzer A: Chair of Thermal Processing Technology, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria [ORCID]
Ponak C: Chair of Thermal Processing Technology, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria [ORCID]
Raupenstrauch H: Chair of Thermal Processing Technology, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
Journal Name
Processes
Volume
9
Issue
1
First Page
pr9010084
Year
2021
Publication Date
2021-01-02
Published Version
ISSN
2227-9717
Version Comments
Original Submission
Other Meta
PII: pr9010084, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2021.0781
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doi:10.3390/pr9010084
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Oct 14, 2021
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CC BY 4.0
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[v1] (Original Submission)
Oct 14, 2021
 
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Oct 14, 2021
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v1
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https://psecommunity.org/LAPSE:2021.0781
 
Original Submitter
Calvin Tsay
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