Browse
Subjects
Records with Subject: Biosystems
Showing records 415 to 439 of 1206. [First] Page: 1 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Last
Efficacy of Different Waste and By-Products from Forest and Food Industries in the Removal/Retention of the Antibiotic Cefuroxime
Raquel Cela-Dablanca, Carolina Nebot, Lucia Rodríguez López, David Fernández-Calviño, Manuel Arias-Estévez, Avelino Núñez-Delgado, María J. Fernández-Sanjurjo, Esperanza Álvarez-Rodríguez
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: antibiotics, eucalyptus leaves, mussel shell, pine bark, pine needles, retention/release, wood ash
Environmental pollution due to antibiotics is a serious problem. In this work, the adsorption and desorption of the antibiotic cefuroxime (CFX) were studied in four by-products/residues from the forestry and food industries. For this, batch-type experiments were carried out, adding increasing concentrations of CFX (from 0 to 50 µmol L−1) to 0.5 g of adsorbent. The materials with a pH higher than 9 (mussel shell and wood ash) were those that presented the highest adsorption percentages, from 71.2% (23.1 µmol kg−1) to 98.6% (928.0 µmol kg−1). For the rest of the adsorbents, the adsorption was also around 100% when the lowest concentrations of CFX were added, but the percentage dropped sharply when the highest dose of the antibiotic was incorporated. Adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir and Freundlich models, with R2 greater than 0.9. Regarding desorption, the materials that presented the lowest values when the highest concentration of CFX was added were wood ash (0%) and mussel sh... [more]
Curcumin Improved Glucose Intolerance, Renal Injury, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Decreased Chromium Loss through Urine in Obese Mice
Geng-Ruei Chang, Wen-Tsong Hsieh, Lan-Szu Chou, Chen-Si Lin, Ching-Fen Wu, Jen-Wei Lin, Wei-Li Lin, Tzu-Chun Lin, Huei-Jyuan Liao, Chen-Yung Kao, Chuen-Fu Lin
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: chromium, curcumin, fatty liver, glucose intolerance, obesity, renal injury
Obesity-associated hyperglycemia underlies insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and related metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes, renal damage, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Turmeric root is commonly used in Asia, and curcumin, one of its pharmacological components, can play a role in preventing and treating certain chronic physiological disorders. Accordingly, this study examined how high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are reduced by curcumin through changes in fatty liver scores, chromium distribution, and renal injury in mice. Relative to the control group, also fed an HFD, the curcumin group weighed less and had smaller adipocytes; it also had lower daily food efficiency, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, serum and hepatic triglyceride levels, and hepatic lipid regulation marker expression. The curcumin-treated obese group exhibited significantly lower fastin... [more]
The Osteogenic Function of Danggui Buxue Tang, a Herbal Decoction Containing Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Is Optimized by Boiling the Two Herbs Together: Signaling Analyses Revealed by Systems Biology
Kenneth K L Kwan, Tin Yan Wong, Anna X. D. Yu, Tina T. X. Dong, Henry H. L. Lam, Karl W. K. Tsim
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: boiling process, bone differentiation, mass spectrometry, mesenchymal stem cells, multi-omics
The therapeutic efficacy of a herbal mixture, being multi-target, multi-function and multi-pathway, is the niche of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Systems biology can dissect the network of signaling mechanisms in a complex biological system. In preparing TCM decoctions, the boiling of herbs together in water is a common practice; however, the rationale of this specific preparation has not been fully revealed. An approach of mass-spectrometry-based multi-omics was employed to examine the profiles of the cellular pathways, so as to understand the pharmacological efficacy of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a Chinese herbal mixture containing Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, in cultured rat osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. The results, generated from omics analyses, were compared from DBT-treated osteoblasts to those of treating the herbal extract by simple mixing of extracts from Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, i.e., herbal mixture without boiling togethe... [more]
Network Pharmacology Study to Interpret Signaling Pathways of Ilex cornuta Leaves against Obesity
Ki-Kwang Oh, Md. Adnan, Dong-Ha Cho
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: Ilex cornuta Leaves, network pharmacology, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, obesity
Leaves (ICLs) are a representative and traditional prescription for controlling obesity. Nevertheless, the corresponding therapeutic compounds and related pharmacological mechanisms of such medication remain undocumented. The compounds from ICLs were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS), and SwissADME confirmed their physicochemical properties. Next, the target proteins related to compounds or obesity-associated proteins were retrieved from public databases. RPackage constructed the protein−protein interaction (PPI) network, a bubble chart, and signaling pathways−target proteins−compounds (STC) network. Lastly, a molecular docking test (MDT) was performed to evaluate the affinity between target proteins and ligands from ICLs. GC-MS detected a total of 51 compounds from ICLs. The public databases identified 219 target proteins associated with selective compounds, 3028 obesity-related target proteins, and 118 overlapping target proteins. Moreover, the STC network reveal... [more]
Special Issue: Advances of Peptide Engineering
Kenji Usui, Kin-ya Tomizaki
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Peptides have been gaining increasing attention for their applications in various fields, such as medical, biotechnological, and nanotechnological fields [...]
Docetaxel for Breast Cancer Treatment-Side Effects on Ocular Surface, a Systematic Review
Elena Andreea Stoicescu, Marian Burcea, Raluca Claudia Iancu, Mirela Zivari, Alina Popa Cherecheanu, Inna Adriana Bujor, Cristina Rastoaca, George Iancu
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: breast cancer, docetaxel, epiphora, hyperlacrimation
Docetaxel is a very effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer. Epiphora (hyperlacrimation) has been shown to be the most common eye condition in patients receiving docetaxel-based chemotherapy. This symptom does not decrease visual acuity, but decreases the quality of life. Daily activities (reading, working on the computer, watching TV, and so on) are affected, with patients complaining about an alteration of daily life with the appearance of this symptom. The mechanism by which epiphora occurs is considered to be the canalicular stenosis, but the trials on the subject failed to reach statistical significance. The objective of this scoping review is to determine whether there is a treatment regimen-dependent relationship between docetaxel administration and the presence of epiphora in women with breast cancer. The inclusion criteria were met by 10 trials, from which one was excluded owing to data selection biases. Accordingly, n... [more]
Efficacy and Safety of Modified Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction Cream on Cancer Patients with Skin Side Effects Caused by EGFR Inhibition
Ming-Yang Lee, Mei-Yi Lin, Yu-Ju Chang, Yu-Ting Tseng, I-An Huang, Wan-Ting Huang, Yi-Wen Liu
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: Chinese herbal medicine, dry skin, EGFRIs/TKIs, skin rash
(1) Background: The epidermal growth factor inhibitors (EGFRIs)/tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective for cancer target therapy, but acneiform rashes or so-called inflammatory papulopustular exanthemas are common (50% to 90%). The conventional therapy for EGFRIs/TKIs-induced skin toxicity is steroids and antibacterial drugs, but it is still ineffective for some patients, and EGFRIs/TKIs dose reduction/interruption may be needed. In this study, a modified Chinese herbal medicine, Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction cream with Yin-Cold (YC) medicine characteristic, was investigated for the effect on patients suffering EGFRIs/TKIs-induced skin toxicity. (2) Methods: The modified Huang-Lian-Jie-Du (mHLJD) decoction cream was made from 10 herbal medicines, including 4 major medicines (Huanglian, Huangqin, Huangbo, and Zhizi) in traditional HLJD decoction. Patients with EGFRIs/TKIs-induced skin toxicity were enrolled. Patients were excluded if they also used other cream for skin toxicity.... [more]
A Review on Recent Progress in Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods for Cancer Classification on Gene Expression Data
Aina Umairah Mazlan, Noor Azida Sahabudin, Muhammad Akmal Remli, Nor Syahidatul Nadiah Ismail, Mohd Saberi Mohamad, Hui Wen Nies, Nor Bakiah Abd Warif
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: biomarker, cancer classification, deep learning, gene expression, Machine Learning
Data-driven model with predictive ability are important to be used in medical and healthcare. However, the most challenging task in predictive modeling is to construct a prediction model, which can be addressed using machine learning (ML) methods. The methods are used to learn and trained the model using a gene expression dataset without being programmed explicitly. Due to the vast amount of gene expression data, this task becomes complex and time consuming. This paper provides a recent review on recent progress in ML and deep learning (DL) for cancer classification, which has received increasing attention in bioinformatics and computational biology. The development of cancer classification methods based on ML and DL is mostly focused on this review. Although many methods have been applied to the cancer classification problem, recent progress shows that most of the successful techniques are those based on supervised and DL methods. In addition, the sources of the healthcare dataset are... [more]
In Vivo Neuropharmacological Potential of Gomphandra tetrandra (Wall.) Sleumer and In-Silico Study against β-Amyloid Precursor Protein
Md. Saidur Rahman, Md. Nazmul Hasan Zilani, Md. Aminul Islam, Md. Munaib Hasan, Md. Muzahidul Islam, Farzana Yasmin, Partha Biswas, Akinori Hirashima, Md. Ataur Rahman, Md. Nazmul Hasan, Bonglee Kim
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: ADMET profile, Alzheimer’s disease, beta-amyloid precursor protein, GC-MS, molecular docking, neurological activity
Medicinal plants possess a surplus of novel and biologically active secondary metabolites that are responsible for counteracting diseases. Traditionally, Gomphandra tetrandra (Wall.) Sleumer is used to treat mental disorders. The present research was designed to explore phytochemicals from the ethanol leaf extract of Gomphandra tetrandra (Wall.) Sleumer to identify the potential pharmacophore(s) in the treatment of neurological disorders. The chemical compounds of the experimental plant were identified through GC-MS analysis. In-vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using different methods. Furthermore, in-vivo neurological activity was assessed in Swiss-albino mice. Computer-aided analysis was appraised to determine the best-fit phytoconstituent of a total of fifteen identified compounds in the experimental plant extract against beta-amyloid precursor protein. The experimental extract revealed fifteen compounds in GC-MS analysis and the highest content was 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic... [more]
Overview on the Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility of Sputtered Carbon-Based Coatings
Isabel Carvalho, Lisa Rodrigues, Maria José Lima, Sandra Carvalho, Sandra M. A. Cruz
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: antibacterial, biocompatibility, biomedical applications, diamond-like carbon
Due to their outstanding properties, carbon-based structures have received much attention from the scientific community. Their applications are diverse and include use in coatings on self-lubricating systems for anti-wear situations, thin films deposited on prosthetic elements, catalysis structures, or water remediation devices. From these applications, the ones that require the most careful testing and improvement are biomedical applications. The biocompatibility and antibacterial issues of medical devices remain a concern, as several prostheses still fail after several years of implantation and biofilm formation remains a real risk to the success of a device. Sputtered deposition prevents the introduction of hazardous chemical elements during the preparation of coatings, and this technique is environmentally friendly. In addition, the mechanical properties of C-based coatings are remarkable. In this paper, the latest advances in sputtering methods and biocompatibility and antibacteri... [more]
Sonication, a Potential Technique for Extraction of Phytoconstituents: A Systematic Review
Muhammad Modassar A. N. Ranjha, Shafeeqa Irfan, José M. Lorenzo, Bakhtawar Shafique, Rabia Kanwal, Mirian Pateiro, Rai Naveed Arshad, Lufeng Wang, Gulzar Ahmad Nayik, Ume Roobab, Rana Muhammad Aadil
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: bioactive compounds, Extraction, oils, pectin, sonication, ultrasound
Traditional extraction techniques have lost their optimum performance because of rising consumer demand and novel technologies. In this regard, several techniques were developed by humans for the extraction of plant materials from various indigenous sources, which are no longer in use. Many of the techniques are not efficient enough to extract maximum plant material. By this time, evolution in extraction has led to development of various techniques including microfiltration, pulsed electric fields, high pressure, microwave assistance, enzyme assistance, supercritical fluid, subcritical fluid and ultrasonication. These innovations in food processing/extraction are known as “Green Food Processing”. These technologies were basically developed by focusing on three universal parameters: simplicity, energy efficiency and economy. These green technologies are practical in a number of different food sectors, mostly for preservation, inhibition of microorganisms, inactivation of enzymes and ext... [more]
Preparation of Activated Carbons from Spent Coffee Grounds and Coffee Parchment and Assessment of Their Adsorbent Efficiency
Gustavo A. Figueroa Campos, Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez, Inga Block, Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu, Pedro Saravia Celis, Andreas Taubert, Harshadrai M. Rawel
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: activated carbon, calcination, coffee by-products, organic compounds adsorption, parchment, spent coffee grounds, valorization
The valorization of coffee wastes through modification to activated carbon has been considered as a low-cost adsorbent with prospective to compete with commercial carbons. So far, very few studies have referred to the valorization of coffee parchment into activated carbon. Moreover, low-cost and efficient activation methods need to be more investigated. The aim of this work was to prepare activated carbon from spent coffee grounds and parchment, and to assess their adsorption performance. The co-calcination processing with calcium carbonate was used to prepare the activated carbons, and their adsorption capacity for organic acids, phenolic compounds and proteins was evaluated. Both spent coffee grounds and parchment showed yields after the calcination and washing treatments of around 9.0%. The adsorption of lactic acid was found to be optimal at pH 2. The maximum adsorption capacity of lactic acid with standard commercial granular activated carbon was 73.78 mg/g, while the values of 32... [more]
Effect of Different Pretreatments on Sludge Solubilization and Estimation of Bioenergy Potential
Reshma Babu, Gustavo Capannelli, Antonio Comite
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: alkali, chemical, higher heating value, pretreatment, sludge solubilization, thermal, ultrasonication, waste-activated sludge
Most of the conventional treatments of waste-activated sludge (WAS) are devoted to their minimization and destruction. On the other hand, the biomass contained in WAS can be utilized as a valuable source of renewable carbon. In this study, the influence of different pretreatments (ultrasonication, chemical, thermal, and combined pretreatments) was explored for sludge solubilization. Effects of the pretreatments were investigated as a function of the solubilization of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Concentrations of soluble carbohydrates and total nitrogen were also measured. The most effective pretreatment to hydrolyze sludge was found to be the combined alkali−thermal (pH 12, 75 °C) pretreatment method, leading to TS and vs. solubilization of 9.6% and 17.2%, respectively. Soluble COD, carbohydrates, total nitrogen, and proteins estimated in the liquid phase were 5235 mg/L, 732 mg/L, 430 mg/L, and 2688 mg/L, respectively. Thus, the alkali−the... [more]
Community Structure of Bacteria and Archaea Associated with Geotextile Filters in Anaerobic Bioreactor Landfills
Cevat Yaman, Suriya Rehman, Tanveer Ahmad, Yusuf Kucukaga, Burcu Pala, Noor AlRushaid, Syed Riyaz Ul Hassan, Ayse Burcu Yaman
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: anaerobic microorganisms, biofilm, bioreactor, geotextile, landfill, solid waste
Landfills are an example of an environment that contains highly complex communities of microorganisms. To evaluate the microbial community structure, four stainless steel pilot-scale bioreactor landfills with single- and double-layered geotextile fabric were used. Two reactors (R-1 and R-2) contained municipal solid waste (MSW) and sewage sludge, while the other two reactors (R-3 and R-4) contained only MSW. A single layer of geotextile fabric (R2GT3 and R3GT3) was inserted in the drainage layers of the two reactors (R-2 and R-3), while a double layer of geotextile fabric (R4GT2 and R4GT1) was inserted in one of the reactors (R-4). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that biomass developed on the geotextile fabrics after 540 days of bioreactor operation. The metagenomics analyses of the geotextile samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the geotextile bacterial communities were dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Thermotogeae, while Proteobacteria wer... [more]
Advances in Microbial Fermentation Processes
Maria Tufariello, Francesco Grieco
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
In the food sector, fermentation processes have been the object of great interest in regard to enhancing the yield, the quality, and the safety of the final product [...]
Anticancer Properties of Strobilanthes crispus: A Review
Ming Guan Ng, Chew Hee Ng, Khuen Yen Ng, Soi Moi Chye, Anna Pick Kiong Ling, Rhun Yian Koh
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: anticancer, bioactive compound, natural product, phytochemical, Strobilanthes crispus
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, as exemplified by millions of cancer diagnoses every year. The use of chemotherapy in treating cancer has many disadvantages which include recurrence of cancer, associated with drug resistance, and severe side effects that are harmful to the patients. A better source of anticancer drugs can come from nature. Strobilanthes crispus (S. crispus) is a herbal medicinal plant that is indigenous in Madagascar and the Malay Archipelago. The plant possesses high vitamin and mineral content as well as phytochemicals—like phenols, catechins, tannins, and flavonoids—that are known to have therapeutic effects. Numerous preclinical studies have reported very versatile pharmacological effects of this plant, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-angiogenesis, anti-diabetes, anti-ulcerogenic, and wound healing. Herein, this paper reviews the anticancer properties of S. crispus, providing information for future research and further exploration.
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Various Extracts of Aerial Parts of Rhanterium epapposum
Saravanan Rajendrasozhan, Hani El Moll, Mejdi Snoussi, Ramy M. Romeilah, Emad A. Shalaby, Kareem M. Younes, Hossam S. El-Beltagi
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: antibacterial, antifungal, Arfaj, chemical content, plant extract
, native to the Arabian Peninsula, is traditionally used to cure skin infections. The objective is to screen the phytochemical content and antimicrobial activity of aqueous, methanol and 80% methanol extracts of aerial parts of R. epapposum. The phytochemical screening of aqueous, methanolic, and 80% methanol extracts of R. epapposum was conducted using gas chromatographymass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were assessed by well diffusion and microdilution methods. Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol in all three extracts, whereas ethanol, 2-methoxy-, acetate; n-hexadecanoic acid; and 2,3-butanediol are present in higher amount exclusively in the methanol, 80% methanol and aqueous extracts of the aerial parts of R. epapposum, respectively. The highest antibacterial activity was shown by the aqueous extract S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae, and K. pneumoniae, methanolic extract against S. aureus, methicillin-... [more]
Anti-Cancer Effect of Panax Ginseng and Its Metabolites: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery
Sejin Kim, Nayeon Kim, JaYeon Jeong, Soojin Lee, Woojin Kim, Seong-Gyu Ko, Bonglee Kim
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: angiogenesis, apoptosis, cancer, compound K, ginsenoside Rh2, multidrug resistance, Panax ginseng
Cancer incidence and mortality rate are growing worldwide. The effectiveness of cancer therapy depends on the degree of cancer development. Anticancer prevention, screening tests, detection of precancerous conditions or cancers at an early stage of development help to prevent the development of cancer, and in the event of cancer development, they provide the best chance for a full recovery. However, in most cases of advanced cancer, there is no method that can fully cure this disease. Recently, natural products have gained more attention in cancer therapy. Panax ginseng (PG), one of the most popular natural products, is reported to have a wide range of pharmacological activities in cancer. Therefore, the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of PG and its metabolites (compound K, Ginsenoside Rh1, Rh2, Rh3 and F1) in five major cancers (lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer and stomach cancer) are reviewed in this study. It is confirmed that PG and its metabolites regul... [more]
Microbial Fuel Cell as a Bioelectrochemical Sensor of Nitrite Ions
Arnas Klevinskas, Kristina Kantminienė, Nerita Žmuidzinavičienė, Ilona Jonuškienė, Egidijus Griškonis
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: biosensor, graphite felt, microbial fuel cell, nitrite, Shewanella putrefaciens
The deteriorating environmental quality requires a rapid in situ real-time monitoring of toxic compounds in environment including water and wastewater. One of the most toxic nitrogen-containing ions is nitrite ion, therefore, it is particularly important to ensure that nitrite ions are completely absent in surface and ground waters as well as in wastewater or, at least, their concentration does not exceed permissible levels. However, no selective ion electrode, which would enable continuous measurement of nitrite ion concentration in wastewater by bioelectrochemical sensor, is available. Microbial fuel cell (MFC)-based biosensor offers a sustainable low-cost alternative to the monitoring by periodic sampling for laboratory testing. It has been determined, that at low (0.01−0.1 mg·L−1) and moderate (1.0−10 mg·L−1) concentration of nitrite ions in anolyte-model wastewater, the voltage drop in MFC linearly depends on the logarithm of nitrite ion concentration of proving the potential of t... [more]
The Effect of Initial Conditions with Aerobic Biological Treatment on Aniline Dyeing Wastewater
Huancheng Dong, Hongmei Liu, Xue Yang, Houjie Gong, Heng Zhang, Runkai Wang, Lili Yan, Wenning Mai
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: acclimation, activated sludge, aerobic biological treatment, aniline dyeing wastewater, community structure, microbial
According to the characteristics of aniline dyeing wastewater, aerobic biological treatment was adopted herein, and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes to the microbial community structure and diversity in the aerobic sludge acclimation stage. As a result, according to the experimental study on the effects of different biomass, the initial pH value and the salinity with the aerobic biological treatment, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradation rate can increase linearly with the increase in biomass under different biomass conditions. The organic matter degradation rate is 6.24 mg/L COD·h−1·(mg/L·MLSS)−1, with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.98704. When the initial pH value is less than 7.0 ± 0.2, the COD degradation rate increases with the increase in the initial pH value and then decreases gradually. The optimal sludge concentration is 4 g/L; the optimal initial pH value is in the range of 7.0−8.0; the optimal salinity is 1.7%. When the initia... [more]
Microbial Fuel Cell for Energy Production, Nutrient Removal and Recovery from Wastewater: A Review
N. Evelin Paucar, Chikashi Sato
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: energy generation, microbial fuel cell, nutrient recovery, nutrient removal, Wastewater
The world is facing serious threats from the depletion of non-renewable energy resources, freshwater shortages and food scarcity. As the world population grows, the demand for fresh water, energy, and food will increase, and the need for treating and recycling wastewater will rise. In the past decade, wastewater has been recognized as a resource as it primarily consists of water, energy-latent organics and nutrients. Microbial fuel cells (MFC) have attracted considerable attention due to their versatility in their applications in wastewater treatment, power generation, toxic pollutant removal, environmental monitoring sensors, and more. This article provides a review of MFC technologies applied to the removal and/or recovery of nutrients (such as P and N), organics (COD), and bioenergy (as electricity) from various wastewaters. This review aims to provide the current perspective on MFCs, focusing on the recent advancements in the areas of nutrient removal and/or recovery with simultane... [more]
ACE Inhibitory Peptides from Bellamya bengalensis Protein Hydrolysates: In Vitro and In Silico Molecular Assessment
Tanmoy Kumar Dey, Roshni Chatterjee, Rahul Shubhra Mandal, Anadi Roychoudhury, Debjyoti Paul, Souvik Roy, Mirian Pateiro, Arun K. Das, Jose M. Lorenzo, Pubali Dhar
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: alcalase, angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory activity, cooperative ligand binding, gastropod snail, isothermal titration calorimetry, lisinopril, site-specific molecular docking, uncompetitive inhibition
muscle meat is known for ethnopharmacological benefits. The present study focuses on the identification of ACE inhibitory peptides from the proteolytic digests of muscle protein of Bellamya bengalensis and its underlying mechanism. After ultrafiltration of 120 min alcalase hydrolysates (BBPHA120) to isolate the small peptide fraction (1 × 104 A.U.). These peptides were sequenced via de novo sequencing. Based on the apparent hydrophobicity (%), the IIAPTPVPAAH peptide was selected for further analysis. The sequence was commercially synthesized by solid-phase standard Fmoc chemistry (purity 95−99.9%; by HPLC). The synthetic peptide (IC50 value 8.52 ± 0.779 µg/mL) was used to understand the thermodynamics of the inhibition by checking the binding affinity of the peptide to ACE by isothermal titration calorimetry compared with lisinopril, and the results were further substantiated by in silico site-specific molecular docking analysis. The results demonstrate that this peptide sequence (IIA... [more]
Bioenergy Potential of Albumin, Acetic Acid, Sucrose, and Blood in Microbial Fuel Cells Treating Synthetic Wastewater
Madiha Tariq, Jin Wang, Zulfiqar Ahmad Bhatti, Muhammad Bilal, Adeel Jalal Malik, Mohammad Salim Akhter, Qaisar Mahmood, Shahid Hussain, Ayman Ghfar, Murefah Mana Al-Anazy, Mohamed Ouladsmane
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: Coulombic efficiency, electronic equivalents, microbial electrochemical technology, substrates, voltage generation
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a recent biotechnology that can simultaneously produce electricity and treat wastewater. As the nature of industrial wastewater is very complex, and it may contain a variety of substrates—such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, etc.—previous investigations dealt with treatment of individual pollutants in MFCs; the potential of acetic acid, sucrose, albumin, blood, and their mixture has rarely been reported. Hence, the current investigation explored the contribution of each substrate, both separately and in mixture. The voltage generation potential, current, and power density of five different substrates—namely, acetic acid, sucrose, albumin, blood, and a mixture of all of the substrates—was tested in a dual-chambered, anaerobic MFC operated at 35 °C. The reaction time of the anaerobic batch mode MFC was 24 h, and each substrate was treated for 7 runs under the same conditions. The dual-chambered MFC consisted of anode and cathode chambers; the anode cha... [more]
Impact of Dietary Potassium Nitrate on the Life Span of Drosophila melanogaster
Tomas Liubertas, Jonas Poderys, Zigmantaite Vilma, Sandrija Capkauskiene, Pranas Viskelis
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: carbohydrates, diet, dietary potassium nitrate, Drosophila melanogaster, lifespan, longevity, nitrates, nitric oxide, oxidative stress
The recently defined and yet rather new topic of healthy aging is attracting more attention worldwide. As the world population is getting older, it is rapidly becoming essential to develop and maintain functional abilities at older age and develop mechanisms to protect the senior population from chronic diseases. One of the most effective components, as well as processes associated with aging, is the recently discovered and Nobel prize-awarded—nitric oxide (NO) (as a signaling molecule), which, followed by later discoveries, showed to have a positive metabolic, immunological, and anti-inflammatory effect. Nitrates are one of the most debated topics of the last decade in the scientific community due to their pathways involved in the production of nitric oxide. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of different potassium nitrate concentrate supplementation on Drosophila melanogaster longevity imitating a human carbohydrate-based diet with relationship to possible ca... [more]
Investigation on the Interactive Effects between Temperature and Chemical Composition of Organic Wastes on Anaerobic Co-Digestion Performance
Siqi Zhang, Ying Wang, Jinghui Song, Chenjing Sheng, Zezhou Shang, Rui Wang, Xiaojiao Wang, Gaihe Yang, Yongzhong Feng, Guangxin Ren
February 23, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Biosystems
Keywords: anaerobic co-digestion, composition, methane production, microbial community, temperature
Synergistic effects among different chemical components under the anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) process played an important role in improving its performance, which might be affected by the digesting temperature. The results showed that the actual methane production (AMP) and gasification rate (GR) of 50% lipid content were the highest, and the carbohydrate and protein content should be adjusted according to the temperature. Under mesophilic conditions, the M1 reactor with high protein content (carbohydrate−lipid−protein ratio, CLP = 20:50:30) had the highest AMP of 552.02 mL/g VS and GR of 74.72%. However, as the temperature increased, the high protein content produced high levels of ammonia nitrogen (AN) and free ammonia (FA), which formed a certain degree of ammonia inhibition, resulting in lower AMP and GR. Under thermophilic conditions, the low protein T2 reactor (CLP = 40:50:10) had the highest AMP and GR at 485.45 mL/g VS and 67.18%. In addition, the M1 and T2 reactors had the h... [more]
Showing records 415 to 439 of 1206. [First] Page: 1 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Last
[Show All Subjects]