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Records with Subject: Energy Policy
Showing records 113 to 137 of 1181. [First] Page: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Last
Global-Local Heat Demand Development for the Energy Transition Time Frame Up to 2050
Dominik Keiner, Larissa D.S.N.S. Barbosa, Dmitrii Bogdanov, Arman Aghahosseini, Ashish Gulagi, Solomon Oyewo, Michael Child, Siavash Khalili, Christian Breyer
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: Biomass, domestic hot water, energy demand, energy system modeling, energy transition, heat, industrial process heat, profiles, space heating
Globally, the heat sector has a major share in energy consumption and carbon emission footprint. To provide reliable mitigation options for space heating, domestic hot water, industrial process heat and biomass for cooking for the energy transition time frame up to the year 2050, energy system modeling relies on a comprehensive and detailed heat demand database in high spatial resolution, which is not available. This study overcomes this hurdle and provides a global heat demand database for the mentioned heat demand types and in a resolution of 145 mesoscale regions up to the year 2050 based on the current heat demand and detailed elaboration of parameters influencing the future heat demand. Additionally, heat demand profiles for 145 mesoscale regions are provided. This research finds the total global heat demand will increase from about 45,400 TWhth in 2012 up to about 56,600 TWhth in 2050. The efficiency measures in buildings lead to a peak of space heating demand in around 2035, str... [more]
Analysis of the Relationship of the Degree of Aviation Sector Development with Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Measures of Economic Development in the European Union Countries
Piotr Niedzielski, Magdalena Zioło, Jarosław Kozuba, Ewa Kuzionko-Ochrymiuk, Natalia Drop
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: greenhouse gas emissions government, management, policy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy, sustainable transport, transport
The rapid growth of aviation over the past fifty years has resulted in numerous negative environmental impacts due to the combustion of fossil fuels in aircraft engines. This paper presents the relationship between air transport and GHG emissions. Based on data on the development of aviation, the level of GHG emissions from transport, environmental tax revenues and the amount of GDP per capita in the countries of the European Union, an attempt was made to create a typification that would illustrate the interaction of GHG emissions with air transport, environmental taxes and GDP in the years 2009−2018. The next step to confirm the obtained results was the application of statistical methods: the TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method of linear ordering and the Perkal index. Based on the study findings, the analyzed countries were divided into three groups: the group of innovators, the stable group and the group of students. The analysis revealed... [more]
Improvements and Spatial Dependencies in Energy Transition Measures
Marta Ewa Kuc-Czarnecka, Magdalena Olczyk, Marek Zinecker
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: composite indicators, energy transition, energy transition index, sensitivity analysis, spatial error model
This article aims to improve one of the newest energy transition measures—the World Economic Forum WEF Energy Transition Index (ETI) and find its driving forces. This paper proposes a new approach to correct the ETI structure, i.e., sensitivity analysis, which allows assessing the accuracy of variable weights. Moreover, the novelty of the paper is the use the spatial error models to estimate determinants of the energy transition on different continents. The results show that ETI is unbalanced and includes many variables of marginal importance for the shape of the final ranking. The variables with the highest weights in ETI did not turn out to be its most important determinants, which means that they differentiate the analysed countries well; nonetheless, they do not have sufficient properties of approximating the values of the ETI components. The most important components of ETI (with the highest information load) belong to the CO2 emissions per capita, the innovative business environm... [more]
Is the European Union Making Progress on Energy Decarbonisation While Moving towards Sustainable Development?
Iwona Bąk, Anna Barwińska-Małajowicz, Grażyna Wolska, Paweł Walawender, Paweł Hydzik
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: climate policy, energy decarbonisation, energy policy, European Green Deal, European Union, reducing CO2 emissions, socio-economic development, sustainable development, taxonomy, trend models
Three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions come from burning fossil fuels for energy. To confront climate change, the world must move away from fossil fuels and decarbonise its energy systems. In the light of European Union documents, decarbonisation signifies the elimination of CO2 emissions on account of their harmfulness to the environment. The European Union is planning that by 2030, these emissions will be 40% lower in comparison to 1990. A fundamental query arises here: do the achievements of EU countries give cause for optimism in this regard? The aim of the study is an attempt to determine the tendency of changes concerning energy decarbonisation as well as to distinguish typological groups of bodies (EU countries) with similar dynamics in the researched phenomenon. Trend functions and the distance matrices of the growth rate of the researched phenomenon were used for the dynamic classification. The conducted research confirmed that EU countries indicate spatial differen... [more]
Emission Mitigation and Energy Security Trade-Off: Role of Natural Gas in the Indian Power Sector
Nandini Das, Shyamasree Dasgupta, Joyashree Roy, Oluf Langhelle, Mohsen Assadi
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: Coal, energy security, energy transition, India, Natural Gas, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
India’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) aim to increase the share of non-fossil fuel, especially renewables, in power generation. But at the same time, it mentions that coal is likely to dominate the power generation in the short and medium term to meet the increase in demand and support the intermittency of renewable energy-based power generation. Thus, additional efforts to transform the thermal power generation to a more efficient and less emitting one in the near term by increasing the use of natural gas (a fossil fuel with a lower emission factor than coal) may be planned towards achieving India’s additional mitigation commitments. The paper presents the implications of a proposed increase in the share of natural gas in thermal power generation of India by looking into the trade-off between emission mitigation and energy security. Along with a Reference Scenario, three alternative emission scenarios are proposed to understand the likely impacts of increased penetration o... [more]
Eco-Trends in Energy Solutions on Cruise Ships
Joanna Kizielewicz
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: energy consumption, sustainable behaviour, sustainable energy transition
Today the world’s largest cruise ships can take on board more than 6000 passengers and almost 3000 crew members. Managing a significant number of people and all equipment and operations on ships requires the delivery of tens of thousands of kilowatts, which poses a huge challenge for both cruise ship builders and ports supporting these ships as well as for ship owners themselves, as the costs involved represent the largest share in the structure of expenditure in cruise shipping companies. In recent years, various communities and institutions, including the International Maritime Organisation and the European Union, exert pressure on cruise ship owners to use green renewable energy solutions. For these reasons, cruise ship owners are constantly looking for cost-effective and environmentally responsible solutions regarding new energy sources for ships. The aim of this paper is to identify modern solutions applied on cruise ships in the field of energy generation and to indicate benefits... [more]
Policy Impact on Regional Biogas Using a Modular Modeling Tool
Stelios Rozakis, Andrea Bartoli, Jacek Dach, Anna Jędrejek, Alina Kowalczyk-Juśko, Łukasz Mamica, Patrycja Pochwatka, Rafał Pudelko, Kesheng Shu
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: agricultural biogas, manure, mathematical programming, Poland, sorghum
Biogas development is expected to contribute to the National Recovery and Resilience plan to overcome the COVID-19 shock. Estimation of the agricultural biogas potential in economic terms can contribute to refining policies inciting effective sector development. In this paper, we attempt to do so by modeling a biogas chain from dedicated crops and livestock waste. This was achieved by coupling farming models to the biogas industry in a partial equilibrium framework. This allows for a comprehensive investigation of alternative measures in technology, size, spatial distribution and land use change. The integrated model was implemented in Lubelskie for the previous policy (green certificates) and the current policy (auction market). In both cases, the bottom-up profit driven optimization resulted in approximately 40 MWel, which shows a robust economic potential more than four times the biogas sector’s actual capacity in the region, also providing the detailed structure of the sector. When... [more]
What Can Politics Learn from Management Decisions? A Case Study of Germany’s Exit from Nuclear Energy after Fukushima
Florian Follert, Werner Gleißner, Dominik Möst
April 21, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: decision-making, energy security, energy transition, Fukushima, green energy reliability, nuclear energy, political economy, risk analysis
The devastating nuclear disaster in Fukushima, Japan, in 2011, which was triggered by a tsunami in the wake of an earthquake, resulted in the decision to quickly phase out nuclear power and with it implicitly accelerated the German Energiewende (energy transition). To the outside observer, the decision appeared to be spontaneous and possibly due to a distorted perception of the associated risks of nuclear power. From the decision results not only the limiting uses of private property by conventional energy providers, but the exit from nuclear energy has also implications for the energy market. As with every human, political actors decide under uncertainty and incomplete information. Based on these parameters, we emphasize that the decision of a political actor is comparable to management decision-making. The paper takes this as an opportunity to examine the political decision to phase-out nuclear energy by discussing relevant parameters from the perspective of decision theory. We plead... [more]
An Assessment of the Energy Poverty and Gender Nexus towards Clean Energy Adoption in Rural South Africa
Omowunmi Mary Longe
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: energy poverty, energy poverty and gender nexus, firewood, gendered energy poverty (GEP), indoor air pollution, rural South Africa, women and girls
South Africa has about 2.5 million households without electricity access, most of which are located in rural areas and urban informal settlements. The nexus of energy poverty and gender is at play in the affected communities, as women and girls are culturally stereotyped with the task of collecting unclean fuels (e.g., firewood) and using these for their households’ energy demands. Therefore, this study prioritized rural women and girls as respondents in the provinces most affected by gendered energy poverty (GEP) in the country. The study was carried out in selected rural unelectrified areas of Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu-Natal provinces using structured interviews. The study revealed that GEP in the rural areas has exposed women and girls living there to security concerns, health hazards, premature death, domestic fire accidents, time poverty, income poverty, illiteracy, drudgery in households and farm tasks, etc., at different levels of severity. It also showed the effects of p... [more]
Old Wind Farm Life Extension vs. Full Repowering: A Review of Economic Issues and a Stochastic Application for Spain
Luis M. Abadie, Nestor Goicoechea
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: capacity factor, electricity price, life extension, repower, uncertainty, wind power
The installation of wind power technology is growing steadily and the trend can be expected to continue if the objectives proposed by the European Commission are to be achieved. In some countries a considerable percentage of installed wind power capacity is near the end of its useful lifetime. In the case of Spain, the figure is 50% within five years. Over the last 20 years, wind energy technology has evolved considerably and the expected capacity factor has improved, thus increasing annual energy production, and capital expenditure and operational expenditure have decreased substantially. This paper studies the optimal decision under uncertainty between life extension and full repowering for a generic wind farm installed in the Iberian Peninsula when the future hourly electricity prices and the capacity factor evolve stochastically and seasonally. The results show that in economic terms, full repowering is the best option, with a net present value of €702,093 per MW installed, while r... [more]
Framework for the Introduction of Vehicle-to-Grid Technology into the Polish Electricity Market
Krzysztof Zagrajek, Józef Paska, Łukasz Sosnowski, Konrad Gobosz, Konrad Wróblewski
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: electric vehicles, electricity market, energy policy, vehicle-to-anything, Vehicle-to-grid
Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology is one of the advanced solutions that uses electric vehicles (EV) to balance electricity demand in the power system. It can be particularly useful in analyzing and then mitigating the risk of not delivering electricity to the end user. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the possibility of operation of this technology in the legal framework. The article presents the analysis of the legal status in Poland, referring to the documents of the European Union and domestic legislation. Potential changes in Polish energy law that could facilitate the implementation of V2G technology are also proposed. In addition, the authors suggested the principles for the use of this technology, formulating a mechanism called the V2G Program. Within this Program, the V2G Service was defined and a business model of its implementation by a participant of the V2G Program (uEV) was presented. In addition, an uEV selection algorithm is provided so that the mathematical model of... [more]
Nuclear Power in Poland’s Energy Transition
Janusz Gierszewski, Łukasz Młynarkiewicz, Tomasz R. Nowacki, Jacek Dworzecki
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: energy law, energy policy, energy security, energy sustainability, levelised cost of electricity, low-carbon energy transition, nuclear law, nuclear policy, nuclear power, total cost model
This article presents an analysis of the future role of nuclear energy in Poland’s path to a low-carbon energy transition. The arguments in favor of implementing nuclear power are to be found on three levels: energy security, economic competitiveness and energy efficiency, and lastly, limited environmental impact. In the process of creating this study, the methodology in the field of security sciences was used, including its interdisciplinary approach. Theoretical methods were used, e.g., critical analysis of scientific sources and comparison of statistical data and empirical methods, e.g., document analysis, comparative analysis. The article is based on an analysis of the literature on the subject, applicable legal acts, and government strategies in the field of energy security. The article contains the results of research no. BS.21.6.13 carried out by a research team from the Pomeranian Academy in Słupsk that allowed to indicate the probable directions of transformation of the energy... [more]
Methodology for Calculating the Energy Security Index of the State: Taking into Account Modern Megatrends
Andriy Stavytskyy, Ganna Kharlamova, Olena Komendant, Jarosław Andrzejczak, Joanna Nakonieczny
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: clustering, efficiency, energy security, energy security index, Europe, resources
Energy issue stays a top priority for the national security of most countries. Despite numerous international forums, large-scale geoeconomic research, international and national projects, and the development of appropriate strategies, the issue of energy security assessment and understanding of its terminology is not a universal practice. The presented study has an ambitious goal to develop a methodology that can provide an objective picture of the energy sector on an international scale with cross-country comparisons under the influence of modern megatrends. Based on 29 indicators, according to the World Bank data since 1991, the energy security index is calculated for the set of world states with further analysis of the cluster dynamics of their common trends in energy security. The index showed its objectivity and resistance to existing shocks in geoeconomic dynamics. An important feature of the proposed index is the possibility to compare the energy security index with 1. This val... [more]
Comparative Evaluation of Direct Disposal and Pyro-SFR Nuclear Fuel Cycle Alternatives Using Multi Criteria Decision Making in Korea
Sungki Kim, Jin-Seop Kim, Dong-Keun Cho
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: alternatives, direct disposal, economics, evaluation criteria, evaluation index(indicator), multi-criteria decision making, nuclear fuel cycle, PROMETHEE, Pyro-SFR fuel cycle, weight
The Korean government is currently evaluating two alternatives, direct disposal and pyroprocessing, for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel. This paper presents the ranking results of comparing and evaluating direct disposal and pyro-SFR fuel cycle alternatives using multi-criteria decision-making methods such as AHP, TOPSIS, and PROMETHEE. In considering the various evaluation criteria involved in these two alternatives, we aimed to determine the optimal choice in terms of the economic and social conditions of Korea. The evaluation criteria considered were safety, resource availability, environmental impact, economics, nuclear proliferation resistance, and public acceptance. The results show that the pyro-SFR fuel cycle alternative is more advantageous than direct disposal in the AHP and TOPSIS methods, whereas direct disposal is more advantageous in the PROMETHEE method because the ranking is reversed. TOPSIS assigns the ideal value and the most negative value among the input values t... [more]
Development of Solid Biomass Production in Poland, Especially Pellet, in the Context of the World’s and the European Union’s Climate and Energy Policies
Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska, Piotr Bórawski, Michał Borychowski, Rafał Wyszomierski, Marek Bartłomiej Bórawski, Tomasz Rokicki, Luiza Ochnio, Krzysztof Jankowski, Bartosz Mickiewicz, James W. Dunn
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: biomass production, climate and energy policy, pellet production, Poland, renewable energy sources
The aim of this research was to present the changes in biomass production, especially pellets in Poland, in the context of world’s and European Union’s (EU) climate and energy policy, compared to other renewable energy sources. We also analyzed the law concerning the biomass production in the EU. Finally, we have elaborated the prognosis of the pellet production on the world scale. We have used different methods to achieve the goals, among which the most important are the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH model) and prognosis. We also compared the results of pellet production in different countries in the European Union. The results were presented in tabular and graphic form. We have received the data from Eurostat and the Main Statistical Office (MSO) in Poland. Our research proves the increase of biomass and pellet production on the global scale. Moreover, global wood pellet production increased by 972% in the years 2005−2018. We can conclude that this... [more]
Benefit and Cost Ratio Analysis of Direct Disposal and Pyro-SFR Fuel Cycle Alternatives Using the Results of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Korea
Sungki Kim, Jin-Seop Kim, Dong-Keun Cho
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: benefit and cost ratio, direct disposal, economic feasibility, electricity generation cost, macroeconomic, multi-criteria decision-making, pyro-SFR (sodium-cooled fast reactor) fuel cycle, pyroprocess, welfare economics
This paper presents the results of various benefit−cost ratio (BCR) analyses of back-end nuclear fuel cycle alternatives. Korea is currently considering two alternatives for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel: direct disposal and pyroprocessing. Each of these two alternatives has advantages and disadvantages. To select one alternative, various evaluation criteria must be considered, since the superior alternative cannot be intuitively selected. A multi-criteria decision-making model can be a good methodology in this case. The analyses of benefit−cost ratios showed that the pyroprocessing alternative was more advantageous than direct disposal when using the results of the AHP and TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method. However, when using the results of the PROMETHEE method, the rank was reversed, and direct disposal was more advantageous than the Pyro-SFR fuel cycle. The results of BCR and MCDM can greatly contribute to establishing a nuclear policy for the back-end nuclea... [more]
“Grouping” or “Ride One’s Coattails”?—How Developing Countries along the Belt and Road Satisfy Themselves
Jinghan Chen, Wen Zhou, Hongtao Yang, Zhuofei Wu
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: embodied energy, embodied energy flow network, energy cooperation, energy policy, evolution simulation and modeling, the “Belt and Road Initiative”
China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) will inevitably affect global energy cooperation. Along the Belt and Road, there are many developing countries. To understand the energy cooperation and development of these countries comprehensively is of great significance to guide their development and evaluate the impact of the BRI on the world energy and economic pattern. However, there is insufficient attention on those countries. Based on embodied energy analysis, a method which can track direct and indirect energy consumption in the economic system, effectively linking energy with the economy and environment, this paper proposes an evolution model of the embodied energy flow of the countries. Then, it simulates the evolution of the embodied energy flow under different cooperation strategies. The results show that if cooperation between countries positively affects their cooperation with other countries, adopting a mixed strategy is an advisable choice. On the contrary, cooperation with “po... [more]
Moving Up the Electrification Ladder in Off-Grid Settlements with Rooftop Solar Microgrids
Isabelo Rabuya, Melissa Libres, Michael Lochinvar Abundo, Evelyn Taboada
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: electricity access in informal settlements, electrification ladder, energy poverty, low-carbon energy transition, multi-tier framework of electricity supply, off-grid microgrids, remote island electricity access, rooftop solar microgrids, rural electrification
The multi-tier framework (MTF) of electricity access defines a continuum of electrification from tier 0, where access is inexistent or very limited, to tier 5 where access is of grid quality. Transitioning households from lower to higher tiers unlocks the potential in meeting more of their energy needs. This study investigates the transition towards higher tier electricity access on Gilutongan Island, an off-grid island of Cebu, Philippines, which is also an informal settlement community with no open land available for a centralized solar PV system. The solar PV potential of suitable rooftops on the island was determined using satellite imagery, ground measurements, and computation. The electricity demand of a cluster of 11 households was examined in detail; these households, situated near two suitable rooftops, were connected to an installed 7.92 kWp solar PV-based microgrid. Results show that the households moved up from lower to higher tier levels in all MTF attributes except for af... [more]
Building Energy Performance Certificate—A Relevant Indicator of Actual Energy Consumption and Savings?
Aleksandar S. Anđelković, Miroslav Kljajić, Dušan Macura, Vladimir Munćan, Igor Mujan, Mladen Tomić, Željko Vlaović, Borivoj Stepanov
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: building energy performance, district heating systems, energy performance certificate, energy policy, natural gas boiler
A building energy performance gap can be illustrated as the difference between the theoretical (methodologically defined) and the actual energy consumption. In EU countries, Energy Performance Certificates are issued when buildings are constructed, sold, or leased. This information is the first step in order to evaluate the energy performance of the building stock. In Serbia, when issuing an energy certificate, the adopted national methodology recognizes only energy consumption for heating. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the energy gap and estimate the relevance of an Energy Performance Certificate to meet the national energy efficiency or carbon target. An Energy Performance Certificate determines the theoretical residential and commercial building energy efficiency or its “design intent”. This research stresses the necessity of measuring and achieving reductions in actual energy consumption through system regulation and consumers’ self-awareness in buildings. The resea... [more]
Energy Transition on Islands with the Presence of Electric Vehicles: A Case Study for Porto Santo
Roham Torabi, Álvaro Gomes, F. Morgado-Dias
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: 100%RES, Energy Storage, EVs, isolated power grids, RO seawater desalination, sector-coupling, transport decarbonization, V2G
Facilitating high-RES (Renewable Energy Resources) penetration via integrated resource management is considered a promising strategy on different islands worldwide. For this work, the Portuguese island of Porto Santo is established as a test bench using actual data from the island. Given its geographical condition and energy needs, integrating the management of different resources (namely, the electric power grid with the water supply system, intensive in-land transportation electrification, and the energy storage applications) is analyzed by this work to achieve a power grid relying entirely on RES. The energy storage utilization and the purposeful manipulations in demand patterns have been perceived as instruments to reduce RES availability and consumption mismatch. Electric Vehicles (EV) could be perceived as a reliable alternative to centralized storage systems, acting either as a load or power resource (generator), providing the required flexibility for power systems to uptake the... [more]
Household Electricity Generation as a Way of Energy Independence of States—Social Context of Energy Management
Shahin Bayramov, Iurii Prokazov, Sergey Kondrashev, Jan Kowalik
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: correlation, energy dependence, energy efficiency management, energy security, scenario, social development
The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of influence of alternative options for generating electricity by households on the level of energy independence of countries. The research methodology was based on the use of correlation−regression analysis, as well as adapted non-linear optimization by choosing one of three scenarios for electricity generation by households for 20 countries. Regression analysis showed the dependence of a country’s energy security on households’ energy independence. It is determined that an increase in households’ energy production helps to reduce the level of energy dependence in developed countries. However, for developing countries, there is no such interrelation. The solution of the formulated problem of nonlinear optimization for the studied countries has demonstrated that the criterion of energy dependence is superior to the criterion of a country’s energy security. In the long term, this study can be deepened in the direction of assessing th... [more]
Facilitating Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue and Collaboration in the Energy Transition of Municipalities through Serious Gaming
Tania Ouariachi
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: cooperation, energy transition, local government, serious games, stakeholders
Within the EU, energy transition at the local level is embedded in a complex stakeholder network with highly interdependent actors; if these actors have to collaborate to contribute to an efficient transition, they have to initiate a dialogue about their roles and interests. A good way to achieve this goal could be via serious gaming. Scholars suggest that serious games have the potential to increase multi-stakeholder’s dialogue and collaboration on climate-change-related issues; however, empirical evidence on the effectiveness, and the process is still limited. The aim of this paper is to use the We-Energy Game as a case study to provide empirical evidence on how serious gaming could facilitate dialogue and collaboration among different stakeholders, and which specific features influence the engagement of participants with the issue. For that purpose, a qualitative analysis on feedback and observations of group discussions is conducted, together with a survey for 125 stakeholders from... [more]
Just Transition as a Tool for Preventing Energy Poverty among Women in Mining Areas—A Case Study of the Silesia Region, Poland
Olga Janikowska, Joanna Kulczycka
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: Coal, employment, energy poverty, gender, just transition, sustainable development goal, women
The inevitable energy transformation can be perceived as an opportunity and as a threat to the actions undertaken to prevent energy poverty in European mining regions. Silesia is a special exemplification of the European region whose economy has been based on coal industry for centuries. There are still about 70,000 miners and coal is also widely used for heating households. Based on developed map of jobs lost in mining and related industry and the demographic and social data the proposal of activities addressed to different group of people has been created. It was also indicated that energy poverty in Poland mainly concerns households inhabited by single women. Therefore, the major conclusion of the paper is postulated that the Just Transition strategy should be extended by issues strictly related to the situation of women in the future labor market. Additionally, the concept of a special hub for women, whose aim would be professional activation of women of various age groups, has bee... [more]
The Price of Wind: An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Wind Energy and Electricity Price across the Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Sectors
John Dorrell, Keunjae Lee
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: commercial, economics, electricity, Energy, industrial, price, residential, Wind
This paper quantifies the long-term impact of wind energy development on electricity prices across the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors in the United States. Our data set is made up of state level panel data from 2000 through 2018. This time period covers the vast majority of total wind energy capacity installed in the history of the USA. Our econometric model accounts for the primary factors that influence electricity prices, incorporating both fixed effects and general method of moments in order to more precisely isolate the effect of wind energy. The empirical results conclude that wind energy is positively and significantly related to electricity prices across all sectors, as indicated by the higher average electricity prices in states with higher percentages of wind energy. The price increase is largest in the industrial sector, followed by commercial, then residential. Wind turbine technology has become significantly more efficient, but the technical gains have bee... [more]
Extending the Coverage of the Trust−Acceptability Model: The Negative Effect of Trust in Government on Nuclear Power Acceptance in South Korea under a Nuclear Phase-Out Policy
Seungkook Roh, Hae-Gyung Geong
April 20, 2023 (v1)
Subject: Energy Policy
Keywords: benefit perception, nuclear power, public acceptance, risk perception, trust, trust in government, trust–acceptability model
This article extends the coverage of the trust−acceptability model to a new situation of nuclear phase-out by investigating the effect of trust on the public acceptance of nuclear power, with South Korea as the research setting. Through the structural equation modeling of a nationwide survey dataset from South Korea, we examined the effects of the public’s trust in the various actors related to nuclear power on their perceptions of the benefits and risks of nuclear power and their acceptance of nuclear power. Contrary to previous studies’ findings, in South Korea, under a nuclear phase-out policy by the government, trust in government revealed a negative impact on the public acceptance of nuclear power. Trust in environmental non-governmental groups also showed a negative effect on nuclear power acceptance. In contrast, trust in nuclear energy authority and trust in nuclear academia both had positive effects. In all cases, the effect of a trust variable on nuclear power acceptance was... [more]
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