LAPSE:2020.0222
Published Article
LAPSE:2020.0222
Hierarchical Cs−Pollucite Nanozeolite Modified with Novel Organosilane as an Excellent Solid Base Catalyst for Claisen−Schmidt Condensation of Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
Aleid Ghadah Mohammad S., Fitri Khoerunnisa, Severinne Rigolet, T. Jean Daou, Tau-Chuan Ling, Eng-Poh Ng
February 12, 2020
Cs−pollucite can be a potential solid base catalyst due to the presence of (Si-O-Al)−Cs+ basic sites. However, it severely suffers from molecular diffusion and pore accessibility problems due to its small micropore opening. Herein, we report the use of new organosilane, viz. dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride (TPOAC), as a promising pore-expanding agent to develop the hierarchical structure in nanosized Cs−pollucite. In respect to this, four different amounts of TPOAC were added during the synthesis of hierarchical Cs−pollucite (CP-x, x = 0, 0.3, 1.0, or 2.0, where x is the molar ratio of TPOAC) in order to investigate the effects of TPOAC in the crystallization process of Cs−pollucite. The results show that an addition of TPOAC altered the physico-chemical and morphological properties of hierarchical Cs−pollucite, such as the crystallinity, crystallite size, pore size distribution, surface areas, pore volume, and surface basicity. The prepared solids were also tested in Claisen−Schmidt condensation of benzaldehyde and acetophenone, where 82.2% of the conversion and 100% selectivity to chalcone were achieved by the CP-2.0 catalyst using non-microwave instant heating (200 °C, 100 min). The hierarchical CP-2.0 nanocatalyst also showed better catalytic performance than other homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts and displayed a high catalyst reusability with no significant deterioration in the catalytic performance even after five consecutive reaction runs.
Keywords
Claisen–Schmidt condensation, Cs–pollucite, hierarchical structure, nanozeolite, non-microwave instant heating, organosilane porogen
Suggested Citation
Mohammad S. AG, Khoerunnisa F, Rigolet S, Daou TJ, Ling TC, Ng EP. Hierarchical Cs−Pollucite Nanozeolite Modified with Novel Organosilane as an Excellent Solid Base Catalyst for Claisen−Schmidt Condensation of Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone. (2020). LAPSE:2020.0222
Author Affiliations
Mohammad S. AG: School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800 USM, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry (Preparatory Year), Faculty of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 18451, Saudi Arabia
Khoerunnisa F: Chemistry Education Department, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Setiabudhi 258, Bandung 40514, Indonesia
Rigolet S: Axe Matériaux à Porosités Contrôlées, Institut de Science de Matériaux de Mulhouse UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, ENSCMu, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Daou TJ: Axe Matériaux à Porosités Contrôlées, Institut de Science de Matériaux de Mulhouse UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, ENSCMu, 3b rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France [ORCID]
Ling TC: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Ng EP: School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800 USM, Malaysia [ORCID]
Journal Name
Processes
Volume
8
Issue
1
Article Number
E96
Year
2020
Publication Date
2020-01-10
Published Version
ISSN
2227-9717
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PII: pr8010096, Publication Type: Journal Article
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LAPSE:2020.0222
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doi:10.3390/pr8010096
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Feb 12, 2020
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