LAPSE:2019.1548
Published Article
LAPSE:2019.1548
Frequency Regulation Strategies in Grid Integrated Offshore Wind Turbines via VSC-HVDC Technology: A Review
Jafar Jallad, Saad Mekhilef, Hazlie Mokhlis
December 10, 2019
The inclusion of wind energy in a power system network is currently seeing a significant increase. However, this inclusion has resulted in degradation of the inertia response, which in turn seriously affects the stability of the power system’s frequency. This problem can be solved by using an active power reserve to stabilize the frequency within an allowable limit in the event of a sudden load increment or the loss of generators. Active power reserves can be utilized via three approaches: (1) de-loading method (pitching or over-speeding) by a variable speed wind turbine (VSWT); (2) stored energy in the capacitors of voltage source converter-high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission; and (3) coordination of frequency regulation between the offshore wind farms and the VSC-HVDC transmission. This paper reviews the solutions that can be used to overcome problems related to the frequency stability of grid- integrated offshore wind turbines. It also details the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) with full-scale back to back (B2B) converters, its corresponding control strategies, and a typical VSC-HVDC system with an associated control system. The control methods, both on the levels of a wind turbine and the VSC-HVDC system that participate in a system’s primary frequency control and emulation inertia, are discussed.
Keywords
frequency regulation, high voltage direct current transmission control, inertia emulation, voltage source converter, wind turbine-permanent magnet synchronous generators (WT-PMSG)
Suggested Citation
Jallad J, Mekhilef S, Mokhlis H. Frequency Regulation Strategies in Grid Integrated Offshore Wind Turbines via VSC-HVDC Technology: A Review. (2019). LAPSE:2019.1548
Author Affiliations
Jallad J: Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Mekhilef S: Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (PEARL), Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia [ORCID]
Mokhlis H: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Journal Name
Energies
Volume
10
Issue
9
Article Number
E1244
Year
2017
Publication Date
2017-08-23
Published Version
ISSN
1996-1073
Version Comments
Original Submission
Other Meta
PII: en10091244, Publication Type: Review
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LAPSE:2019.1548
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doi:10.3390/en10091244
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Dec 10, 2019
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CC BY 4.0
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[v1] (Original Submission)
Dec 10, 2019
 
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Dec 10, 2019
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Original Submitter
Calvin Tsay
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