The microstructures of rock gradually evolve with changes in the external environment. This study focused on the microstructure evolution of glauberite and its weakening mechanism under different leaching conditions. The porosity were used as a characteristic index to study the effect of brine temperature and concentration on crack initiation and propagation in glauberite. The research subjects were specimens of ϕ3 × 10 mm cylindrical glauberite core, obtained from a bedded salt deposit buried more than 1000 m underground in the Yunying salt formation, China. The results showed that when the specimens were immersed in solution at low temperature, due to hydration impurities, cracks appeared spontaneously at the centre of the disc and the solution then penetrated the specimens via these cracks and dissolved the minerals around the crack lines. However, with an increase of temperature, the dissolution rate increased greatly, and crack nucleation and dissolved regions appeared simultaneously. When the specimens were immersed in a sodium chloride solution at the same concentration, the porosity s presented gradual upward trends with a rise in temperature, whereas, when the specimens were immersed in the sodium chloride solution at the same temperature, the porosity tended to decrease with the increase of sodium chloride concentration. In the process of leaching, the hydration of illite, montmorillonite, and the residual skeleton of glauberite led to the expansion of the specimen volume, thereby producing the cracks. The diameter expansion rate and the expansion velocity of the specimen increased with temperature increase, whereas, due to the common-ion effect, the porosity of the specimen decreases with the increase of sodium chloride solution concentration.